@article{netz03c,
        title = {Polyelectrolytes in electric fields},
        author = {R. R. Netz},
        journal = {Journal Of Physical Chemistry B},
        month = {August},
        number = 32,
        pages = {8208--8217},
        volume = 107,
        year = 2003,
        timestamp = {2007.06.11},
	sn = {1520-6106},
	owner = {grass},
	ut = {ISI:000184665000030},
	abstract = {We investigate the effect of an electric field on a highly charged
	polyelectrolyte, (PE) chain by Brownian-dynamics simulation methods
	and a combination of different scaling arguments. In the simulation
	we take the counterions explicitly into account and therefore include
	the effects of counterion condensation and PE collapse as the coupling
	parameter (proportional to counterion valency) is increased. For
	highly charged PEs in the collapsed phase, a norrequilibrium unfolding
	transition occurs at sufficiently high electric fields where the
	PE aligns parallel to the external field. The critical field strength
	E* is determined from scaling results for the polarizability of a
	PE globule and exhibits a dependence on the chain length N, E* similar
	to N-1/2, which might be useful for electrophoretic separation of
	charged, collapsed biopolymers. For noncollapsed PEs this unfolding
	transition is less pronounced: the critical field depends on the
	swelling exponent v and scales as E* similar to N-3v/2 The electrophoretic
	mobility of PE monomers and counterions is determined. For large
	fields, counterions bound to the PE contribute significantly to the
	total conduction, since they can glide along the PE. This is an important
	factor in understanding experimental conduction experiments. The
	electrophoretic mobility of the bound counterions is determined by
	the electrostatic friction with the PE backbone and an activation
	barrier for decondensing from the PE; it in fact changes sign as
	the field strength is increased.},
	biburl = {http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/26a1a63c4686c4f36325bcaf81d04070b/kaigrass},
	keywords = {DNA-MOLECULES; COLLAPSE DRIVEN SYSTEMS; DYNAMICS CONDENSATION; PRECIPITATION; SIMULATION; DIFFUSIVE COUNTERION MOBILITY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ELECTROPHORESIS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;}
}

@article{netz03b,
        title = {Nonequilibrium unfolding of polyelectrolyte condensates in electric
	fields},
        author = {R. R. Netz},
        journal = {Physical Review Letters},
        month = {March},
        number = 12,
        pages = 128104,
        volume = 90,
        year = 2003,
        timestamp = {2007.06.11},
	sn = {0031-9007},
	di = {ARTN 128104},
	owner = {grass},
	ut = {ISI:000181862600053},
	abstract = {Using simulations and scaling methods, the effect of an electric field
	on a collapsed polyelectrolyte globule is investigated, where conduction
	by counterions and the polyelectrolyte itself is taken into account.
	At a critical field E*, a nonequilibrium transition occurs at which
	the polyelectrolyte unfolds and aligns parallel to the external field.
	E* is determined using scaling results for the polarizability of
	a polyelectrolyte globule and exhibits a dependence on the chain
	length N, E* similar to N-1/2, which might be useful for electrophoretic
	separation of charged biopolymers.},
	biburl = {http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2dd60defe6ca597843314684f2d942761/kaigrass},
	keywords = {COLLAPSE COUNTERION DYNAMICS CONDENSATION; ELECTROPHORESIS; DNA; SIMULATION; PRECIPITATION;}
}