@article{Umilta2001, title = {I know what you are doing. a neurophysiological study.}, author = {M. A. Umilt\`{a} and E. Kohler and V. Gallese and L. Fogassi and L. Fadiga and C. Keysers and G. Rizzolatti}, journal = {Neuron}, number = 1, pages = {155--165}, volume = 31, year = 2001, timestamp = {2007.04.11}, pii = {S0896-6273(01)00337-3}, pmid = {11498058}, owner = {sara}, abstract = {In the ventral premotor cortex of the macaque monkey, there are neurons that discharge both during the execution of hand actions and during the observation of the same actions made by others (mirror neurons). In the present study, we show that a subset of mirror neurons becomes active during action presentation and also when the final part of the action, crucial in triggering the response in full vision, is hidden and can therefore only be inferred. This implies that the motor representation of an action performed by others can be internally generated in the observer's premotor cortex, even when a visual description of the action is lacking. The present findings support the hypothesis that mirror neuron activation could be at the basis of action recognition.}, biburl = {http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27907b03a0bddb6d675b0ab3dd4e8d668/perceptron}, keywords = {Psychophysiologic; Animals; Strength; Recognition Male; (Psychology); Hand; nemestrina; Humans; Neurons; Habituation, Cortex; Somatosensory Macaca Stimulation; Motor Hand Performance; Psychological; Electric Activity; Movement; Models, Perception Psychomotor Neurological; Visual Female;} } @article{Op2001, title = {Inferotemporal neurons represent low-dimensional configurations of parameterized shapes}, author = {H. Op de Beeck and J. Wagemans and R. Vogels}, journal = {Nature Neuroscience}, number = 12, pages = {1244--1252}, volume = 4, year = 2001, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn767}, pii = {nn767}, pmid = {11713468}, doi = {10.1038/nn767}, abstract = {Behavioral studies with parameterized shapes have shown that the similarities among these complex stimuli can be represented using a low number of dimensions. Using psychophysical measurements and single-cell recordings in macaque inferotemporal (IT) cortex, we found an agreement between low-dimensional parametric configurations of shapes and the representation of shape similarity at the behavioral and neuronal level. The shape configurations, computed from both the perceived and neuron-based similarities, revealed a low number of dimensions and contained the same stimulus order as the parametric configurations. However, at a metric level, the behavioral and neural representations deviated consistently from the parametric configurations. These findings suggest an ordinally faithful but metrically biased representation of shape similarity in IT.}, biburl = {http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27c3c05fded3bef96e4039ef6fef6cd70/perceptron}, keywords = {mulatta; Animals; Non-U.S. Temporal Observer Potentials; Action Humans; Neurons; Cortex; Research Photic Space Pathways Macaca Stimulation; Support, Discrimination Performance; Variation; Gov't; Learning; Visual; Pattern Recognition, Psychomotor Lobe; Visual Perception;} } @article{Ferrari2006, title = {Neonatal imitation in rhesus macaques.}, author = {Pier F Ferrari and Elisabetta Visalberghi and Annika Paukner and Leonardo Fogassi and Angela Ruggiero and Stephen J Suomi}, journal = {Public Library of Science: Biology}, number = 9, pages = {e302}, volume = 4, year = 2006, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040302}, timestamp = {2007.04.16}, pii = {06-PLBI-RA-0419R3}, pmid = {16953662}, owner = {dvanderelst}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.0040302}, abstract = {The emergence of social behaviors early in life is likely crucial for the development of mother-infant relationships. Some of these behaviors, such as the capacity of neonates to imitate adult facial movements, were previously thought to be limited to humans and perhaps the ape lineage. Here we report the behavioral responses of infant rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) to the following human facial and hand gestures: lip smacking, tongue protrusion, mouth opening, hand opening, and opening and closing of eyes (control condition). In the third day of life, infant macaques imitate lip smacking and tongue protrusion. On the first day of life, the model's mouth openings elicited a similar matched behavior (lip smacking) in the infants. These imitative responses are present at an early stage of development, but they are apparently confined to a narrow temporal window. Because lip smacking is a core gesture in face-to-face interactions in macaques, neonatal imitation may serve to tune infants' affiliative responses to the social world. Our findings provide a quantitative description of neonatal imitation in a nonhuman primate species and suggest that these imitative capacities, contrary to what was previously thought, are not unique to the ape and human lineage. We suggest that their evolutionary origins may be traced to affiliative gestures with communicative functions.}, biburl = {http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/296035e6563994dff0b33d9a33ad01baf/perceptron}, keywords = {mulatta; Imitative Factors; Animals; Macaca Newborn; Behavior, Communication; Male; Mouth; Social Animal; Facial Animals, Time Tongue Behavior; Nonverbal Maternal Expression; Female;} }