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Witnessing the birth of the red sequence: ALMA high-resolution imaging of CII and dust in two interacting ultra-red starbursts at z = 4.425

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(2016)cite arxiv:1601.07549Comment: Submitted to ApJ.

Abstract

Exploiting the sensitivity and spatial resolution of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), we have studied the morphology and the physical scale of the interstellar medium - both gas and dust - in SGP38326, an unlensed pair of interacting starbursts at $z= 4.425$. SGP38326 is the most luminous star bursting system known at $z > 4$ with an IR-derived $SFR 4300 \, M_\, yr^-1$. SGP38326 also contains a molecular gas reservoir among the most massive ever found in the early Universe, and it is the likely progenitor of a massive, red-and-dead elliptical galaxy at $z \sim 3$. Probing scales of $0.1"$ or $800 \, pc$ we find that the smooth distribution of the continuum emission from cool dust grains contrasts with the more irregular morphology of the gas, as traced by the CII fine structure emission. The gas is also extended over larger physical scales than the dust. The velocity information provided by the resolved CII emission reveals that the dynamics of the two components of SGP38326 are compatible with disk-like, ordered rotation, but also reveals an ISM which is turbulent and unstable. Our observations support a scenario where at least a subset of the most distant extreme starbursts are highly dissipative mergers of gas-rich galaxies.

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