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Design is a critical to the successful development of any interactive learning environment ILE. Moreover, in technology enhanced learning TEL, the design process requires input from many diverse areas of expertise. As such, anyone undertaking tool development is required to directly address the design challenge from multiple perspectives. We provide a motivation and rationale for design approaches for learning technologies that draws upon Simon's seminal proposition of Design Science Simon, 1969. We then review the application of Design Experiments Brown, 1992 and Design Patterns Alexander et al., 1977 and argue that a patterns approach has the potential to address many of the critical challenges faced by learning technologists.