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Molecular epidemiology of A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 influenza virus during a single epidemic season in the United States

by: M I Nelson, L Edelman, D J Spiro, A R Boyne, J Bera, R Halpin, N Sengamalay, E Ghedin, M A Miller, L Simonsen, C Viboud, and E C Holmes

In: PLoS Pathog, Vol. 4, Nr. 8 (2008) .

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URL:	http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2495036&rendertype=abstract
DOI:	10.1371/journal.ppat.1000133

To determine the spatial and temporal dynamics of influenza A virus during a single epidemic, we examined whole-genome sequences of 284 A/H1N1 and 69 A/H3N2 viruses collected across the continental United States during the 2006-2007 influenza season, representing the largest study of its kind undertaken to date. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that multiple clades of both A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 entered and co-circulated in the United States during this season, even in localities that are distant from major metropolitan areas, and with no clear pattern of spatial spread. In addition, co-circulating clades of the same subtype exchanged genome segments through reassortment, producing both a minor clade of A/H3N2 viruses that appears to have re-acquired sensitivity to the adamantane class of antiviral drugs, as well as a likely antigenically distinct A/H1N1 clade that became globally dominant following this season. Overall, the co-circulation of multiple viral clades during the 2006-2007 epidemic season revealed patterns of spatial spread that are far more complex than observed previously, and suggests a major role for both migration and reassortment in shaping the epidemiological dynamics of human influenza A virus.

Description

Molecular Epidemiology of A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 Influenza Virus during a Single Epidemic Season in the United States

BibTeX record

@article{Nelson:2008:PLoS-Pathog:18725925,
  abstract = {To determine the spatial and temporal dynamics of influenza A virus during a single epidemic, we examined whole-genome sequences of 284 A/H1N1 and 69 A/H3N2 viruses collected across the continental United States during the 2006-2007 influenza season, representing the largest study of its kind undertaken to date. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that multiple clades of both A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 entered and co-circulated in the United States during this season, even in localities that are distant from major metropolitan areas, and with no clear pattern of spatial spread. In addition, co-circulating clades of the same subtype exchanged genome segments through reassortment, producing both a minor clade of A/H3N2 viruses that appears to have re-acquired sensitivity to the adamantane class of antiviral drugs, as well as a likely antigenically distinct A/H1N1 clade that became globally dominant following this season. Overall, the co-circulation of multiple viral clades during the 2006-2007 epidemic season revealed patterns of spatial spread that are far more complex than observed previously, and suggests a major role for both migration and reassortment in shaping the epidemiological dynamics of human influenza A virus.},
  added-at = {2009-07-04T22:24:36.000+0200},
  author = {Nelson, M I and Edelman, L and Spiro, D J and Boyne, A R and Bera, J and Halpin, R and Sengamalay, N and Ghedin, E and Miller, M A and Simonsen, L and Viboud, C and Holmes, E C},
  biburl = {http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/209e54fc5affafbf32f43266395db93f0/ebo},
  description = {Molecular Epidemiology of A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 Influenza Virus during a Single Epidemic Season in the United States},
  doi = {10.1371/journal.ppat.1000133},
  interhash = {ba566825ac05991e36726c556eb5382f},
  intrahash = {09e54fc5affafbf32f43266395db93f0},
  journal = {PLoS Pathog},
  keywords = {evolution imported influenza phylogenetics},
  number = 8,
  pmid = {18725925},
  timestamp = {2009-07-04T22:24:36.000+0200},
  title = {Molecular epidemiology of A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 influenza virus during a single epidemic season in the United States},
  url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2495036&rendertype=abstract},
  volume = 4,
  year = 2008
}

Endnote record

%0 Journal Article
%1 Nelson:2008:PLoS-Pathog:18725925
%A Nelson, M I
%A Edelman, L
%A Spiro, D J
%A Boyne, A R
%A Bera, J
%A Halpin, R
%A Sengamalay, N
%A Ghedin, E
%A Miller, M A
%A Simonsen, L
%A Viboud, C
%A Holmes, E C
%D 2008
%J PLoS Pathog
%K 
%N 8
%T Molecular epidemiology of A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 influenza virus during a single epidemic season in the United States
%R 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000133
%U http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2495036&rendertype=abstract
%V 4
%X To determine the spatial and temporal dynamics of influenza A virus during a single epidemic, we examined whole-genome sequences of 284 A/H1N1 and 69 A/H3N2 viruses collected across the continental United States during the 2006-2007 influenza season, representing the largest study of its kind undertaken to date. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that multiple clades of both A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 entered and co-circulated in the United States during this season, even in localities that are distant from major metropolitan areas, and with no clear pattern of spatial spread. In addition, co-circulating clades of the same subtype exchanged genome segments through reassortment, producing both a minor clade of A/H3N2 viruses that appears to have re-acquired sensitivity to the adamantane class of antiviral drugs, as well as a likely antigenically distinct A/H1N1 clade that became globally dominant following this season. Overall, the co-circulation of multiple viral clades during the 2006-2007 epidemic season revealed patterns of spatial spread that are far more complex than observed previously, and suggests a major role for both migration and reassortment in shaping the epidemiological dynamics of human influenza A virus.