Article,

Solar Photo Voltaic Water Pumping: Harnessing Maximum Power

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ACEEE Int. J. on Electrical and Power Engineering, (February 2013)

Abstract

Among alternate sources of electricity, Solar Photo Voltaic (PV) energy is gaining prominence due to its plentiful availability. Water pumping is an important application of solar PV power. However people are not opting for it in large numbers as the ‘cost per watt’ for solar pumping systems is high. The cost can be reduced by harnessing more power per unit installed capacity of the solar panel. One method of realising this is by Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) wherein a power electronic converter is used to match pump with the PV panel. Widely employed approach for MPPT is to monitor the PV panel power and keep on adjusting the duty cycle of converter so that tapped power is always maximum. Present paper proposes a novel method to realise MPPT for standalone solar PV water pumping system. It is shown that the output power becomes the maximum when the motor voltage becomes the maximum. Conversely, varying the duty cycle of the converter such that load voltage is always maximum leads to harnessing maximum power output. This approach can be referred to as Maximum Load Voltage Point Tracking (MVPT). We need to monitor only load voltage. It is simpler than monitoring PV panel power as in that case it’s necessary to measure both panel voltage and current and then find their product. The proposal of MVPT for realizing MPPT is substantiated by theoretical explanation considering two types of loads: Pure Resistance and Centrifugal Pump driven by Permanent Magnet (PM ) brushed DC Motor. The Matlab-Simulink based simulation is also carried out. Simulation results are found to be in close conformity with the theoretical findings.

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