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World Values Surveys and European Values Surveys, 1981-1984, 1990-1993, and 1995-1997

by: Ronald Inglehart, Cesar Aguir, A.H. Ahmad, Ali Aliev, Rasa Alishauskiene, Vladimir Andreyenkov, Jose Arocena, Soo Young Auh, Lilijana Bacevic, Olga Balakireva, Kosta Barjaba, David Barker, Miguel Basanez, Elena Bashkirova, Jorge Benitez-Nazario, Alan Black, Marek Boguszak, Augustin Canzani, Marita Carballo de Cilley, Pi chao Chen, Pradeep Chhibber, Hei-Yuan Chiu, Eric da Costa, Russell Dalton, Juan Diez Nicolas, Karel Dobbelaere, Mattei Dogan, Javier Elzo, Ustun Erguder, Yilmaz Esmer, Manuel Garcia Ferrando, Blanka Filipcova, Michael Fogarty, Luis de Franca, Christian Friesl, Yuji Fukuda, Ivan Gabal, Alec Gallup, George Gallup, Vladimir Goati, Anneke Greyling, Renzo Gubert, Linda Guerrero, Peter Gundelach, Michael Guo, Loek Halman, Sang jin Han, Christian Haerpfer, Elemer Hankiss, Stephen Harding, Mari Harris, Gordon Heald, Felix Heunks, Simon Hug, Carlos Huneeus, Kenji Iijima, Ljubov Ishimova, J.C. Jesumo, Fridrik Jonsson, Ersin Kalaycioglu, Jan Kerkhofs, Hans-Dieter Klingemann, Renate Koecher, Ilze Koroleva, Marta Lagos, Max Larsen, Carlos Lemoine, Juan Linz, Jin yun Liu, Ola Listhaug, Nicolae Lotreanu, Leila Lotti, V.P. Madhok, Robert Manchin, Mahar Mangahas, Carlos Eduardo Meirelles Matheus, Jovanka Matic, Robert Mattes, Anna Melich, Gustavo Mendez, Rafael Mendizabal, Subhasa Misra, Jose Molina, Ruud de Moor, Alejandro Moreno, Johann Mouton, Neil Nevitte, Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann, Stefan Olafsson, Francisco Andres Orizo, Merab Pachulia, R. C. Pandit, Dragomir Pantic, Juhani Pehkonen, Thorleif Petterson, Gevork Pogosian, Bi Puranen, Vesna Pusic, Jacques-Rene Rabier, Andrei Raichev, Vladimir Rak, Helene Riffault, Ole Riis, Angel Rivera-Ortiz, Catalina Romero, Andrus Saar, Pascal Sciarini, Renata Siemienska, Kancho Stoichev, John Sudarsky, Farooq Tanwir, Kareem Tejumola, Noel Timms, Mikk Titma, Antony Todorov, Jose Ramon Torregrossa, Alfredo Torres, Niko Tos, Jorge Vala, Julio Valerion, Andrei Vardomatski, Jose Luis Veira Veira, Marcus Villaman, Friedrich Welsch, Christine Woessner, Robert Worcester, Jiang Xingrong, Vladimir Yadov, Seiko Yamazaki, Catalin Zamfir, Brigita Zepa, Xiang Zongde, Josefina Zaiter, and Paul Zulehner

(2000) .

Abstract

SUMMARY: The series is designed to enable a crossnational comparison of values and norms on a wide variety of topics and to monitor changes in values and attitudes across the globe. This data collection consists of responses from WORLD VALUES SURVEY, 1981-1983 ICPSR 9309 and WORLD VALUES SURVEY, 1981-1984 AND 1990-1993 ICPSR 6160, along with data gathered during 1995-1997. Over 60 surveys representing more than 50 countries participated in the 1995-1997 study. The 1995 questionnaire retained those items that gave the most significant results from the 1981 and 1990 surveys. New topics pertaining to technology, social relationships, and parent-child relationships were added. Broad topics covered were work, personal finances, the economy, politics, allocation of resources, contemporary social issues, technology and its impact on society, and traditional values. Respondents were asked whether the following acts were ever justifiable: suicide, cheating on taxes, lying, euthanasia, divorce, and abortion. Respondents were also asked about the groups and associations they belonged to, which ones they worked for voluntarily, the groups they would not want as neighbors, their general state of health, and whether they felt they had free choice and control over their lives. A wide range of items was included on the meaning and purpose of life, such as respondents' views on the value of scientific advances, the demarcation of good and evil, and religious behavior and beliefs. Respondents were also queried about their attitudes toward religion, morality, politics, sexual freedom, marriage, single parenting, child-rearing, and the importance of work, family, politics, and religion in their lives. Questions relating to work included what financial and social benefits were most important to them in a job, the pride they took in their work, if they were happy with their current position, and their views on owner/state/employee management of business. Questions pertaining to the stability of the world economy, solutions for poverty, and whether respondents were happy with their financial situation were also asked. Respondents' opinions of various forms of political action, the most important aims for their countries, confidence in various civil and governmental institutions, and whether they would fight in a war for their country were also solicited. Demographic information includes family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, political party and union membership, and left-right political self-placement. UNIVERSE: Adults 18 and over in the mass publics of 60 societies representing more than 50 different countries around the world. SAMPLING: Both national random and quota sampling were used. The populations of India, China, and Nigeria, as well as rural areas and the illiterate population, were undersampled. NOTE: 1 In the data for 1981-1984 and 1990-1993, the wild codes were changed to undocumented codes. 2 The title of the series was changed by the principal investigators with the addition of the 1995-1997 data. 3 The codebook is provided as an Portable Document Format PDF file. The PDF file format was developed by Adobe Systems Incorporated and can be accessed using PDF reader software, such as the Adobe Acrobat Reader. Information on how to obtain a copy of the Acrobat Reader is provided through the ICPSR Website on the Internet. EXTENT OF COLLECTION: 1 data file + machine-readable documentation PDF + SAS data definition statements + SPSS data definition statements EXTENT OF PROCESSING: MDATA.PR/ DDEF.ICPSR/ REFORM.DATA/ REFORM.DOC/ UNDOCCHK.ICPSR DATA FORMAT: Logical Record Length with SAS and SPSS data definition statements File Structure: rectangular Cases: 168,482 Variables: 251 Record Length: 352 Records Per Case: 1

BibTeX record

@article{InglehartAguir:2000,
  abstract = {SUMMARY: The series is designed to enable a crossnational comparison of values and norms on a wide variety of topics and to monitor changes in values and attitudes across the globe. This data collection consists of responses from WORLD VALUES SURVEY, 1981-1983 (ICPSR 9309) and WORLD VALUES SURVEY, 1981-1984 AND 1990-1993 (ICPSR 6160), along with data gathered during 1995-1997. Over 60 surveys representing more than 50 countries participated in the 1995-1997 study. The 1995 questionnaire retained those items that gave the most significant results from the 1981 and 1990 surveys. New topics pertaining to technology, social relationships, and parent-child relationships were added. Broad topics covered were work, personal finances, the economy, politics, allocation of resources, contemporary social issues, technology and its impact on society, and traditional values. Respondents were asked whether the following acts were ever justifiable: suicide, cheating on taxes, lying, euthanasia, divorce, and abortion. Respondents were also asked about the groups and associations they belonged to, which ones they worked for voluntarily, the groups they would not want as neighbors, their general state of health, and whether they felt they had free choice and control over their lives. A wide range of items was included on the meaning and purpose of life, such as respondents' views on the value of scientific advances, the demarcation of good and evil, and religious behavior and beliefs.
Respondents were also queried about their attitudes toward religion, morality, politics, sexual freedom, marriage, single parenting, child-rearing, and the importance of work, family, politics, and religion in their lives. Questions relating to work included what financial and social benefits were most important to them in a job, the pride they took in their work, if they were happy with their current position, and their views on owner/state/employee management of business. Questions pertaining to the stability of the world economy, solutions for poverty, and whether respondents were happy with their financial situation were also asked. Respondents' opinions of various forms of political action, the most important aims for their countries, confidence in various civil and governmental institutions, and whether they would fight in a war for their country were also solicited. Demographic information includes family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, political party and union membership, and left-right political self-placement.

UNIVERSE: Adults 18 and over in the mass publics of 60 societies representing more than 50 different countries around the world.

SAMPLING: Both national random and quota sampling were used. The populations of India, China, and Nigeria, as well as rural areas and the illiterate population, were undersampled.

NOTE: 
(1) In the data for 1981-1984 and 1990-1993, the wild codes were changed to undocumented codes. 
(2) The title of the series was changed by the principal investigators with the addition of the
1995-1997 data. 
(3) The codebook is provided as an Portable Document Format (PDF) file. The PDF file format was developed by Adobe Systems Incorporated and can be accessed using PDF reader software, such as the Adobe Acrobat Reader. Information on how to obtain a copy of the Acrobat Reader is provided through the ICPSR
Website on the Internet.

EXTENT OF COLLECTION: 1 data file + machine-readable documentation
(PDF) + SAS data definition statements + SPSS data definition
statements

EXTENT OF PROCESSING: MDATA.PR/ DDEF.ICPSR/ REFORM.DATA/
REFORM.DOC/ UNDOCCHK.ICPSR

DATA FORMAT: Logical Record Length with SAS and SPSS data
definition statements
File Structure: rectangular
Cases: 168,482
Variables: 251
Record Length: 352
Records Per Case: 1},
  added-at = {2010-03-02T18:08:50.000+0100},
  author = {Inglehart, Ronald and Aguir, Cesar and Ahmad, A.H. and Aliev, Ali and Alishauskiene, Rasa and Andreyenkov, Vladimir and Arocena, Jose and Auh, Soo Young and Bacevic, Lilijana and Balakireva, Olga and Barjaba, Kosta and Barker, David and Basanez, Miguel and Bashkirova, Elena and Benitez-Nazario, Jorge and Black, Alan and Boguszak, Marek and Canzani, Augustin and de Cilley, Marita Carballo and chao Chen, Pi and Chhibber, Pradeep and Chiu, Hei-Yuan and da Costa, Eric and Dalton, Russell and Nicolas, Juan Diez and Dobbelaere, Karel and Dogan, Mattei and Elzo, Javier and Erguder, Ustun and Esmer, Yilmaz and Ferrando, Manuel Garcia and Filipcova, Blanka and Fogarty, Michael and de Franca, Luis and Friesl, Christian and Fukuda, Yuji and Gabal, Ivan and Gallup, Alec and Gallup, George and Goati, Vladimir and Greyling, Anneke and Gubert, Renzo and Guerrero, Linda and Gundelach, Peter and Guo, Michael and Halman, Loek and jin Han, Sang and Haerpfer, Christian and Hankiss, Elemer and Harding, Stephen and Harris, Mari and Heald, Gordon and Heunks, Felix and Hug, Simon and Huneeus, Carlos and Iijima, Kenji and Ishimova, Ljubov and Jesumo, J.C. and Jonsson, Fridrik and Kalaycioglu, Ersin and Kerkhofs, Jan and Klingemann, Hans-Dieter and Koecher, Renate and Koroleva, Ilze and Lagos, Marta and Larsen, Max and Lemoine, Carlos and Linz, Juan and yun Liu, Jin and Listhaug, Ola and Lotreanu, Nicolae and Lotti, Leila and Madhok, V.P. and Manchin, Robert and Mangahas, Mahar and Matheus, Carlos Eduardo Meirelles and Matic, Jovanka and Mattes, Robert and Melich, Anna and Mendez, Gustavo and Mendizabal, Rafael and Misra, Subhasa and Molina, Jose and de Moor, Ruud and Moreno, Alejandro and Mouton, Johann and Nevitte, Neil and Noelle-Neumann, Elisabeth and Olafsson, Stefan and Orizo, Francisco Andres and Pachulia, Merab and Pandit, R. C. and Pantic, Dragomir and Pehkonen, Juhani and Petterson, Thorleif and Pogosian, Gevork and Puranen, Bi and Pusic, Vesna and Rabier, Jacques-Rene and Raichev, Andrei and Rak, Vladimir and Riffault, Helene and Riis, Ole and Rivera-Ortiz, Angel and Romero, Catalina and Saar, Andrus and Sciarini, Pascal and Siemienska, Renata and Stoichev, Kancho and Sudarsky, John and Tanwir, Farooq and Tejumola, Kareem and Timms, Noel and Titma, Mikk and Todorov, Antony and Torregrossa, Jose Ramon and Torres, Alfredo and Tos, Niko and Vala, Jorge and Valerion, Julio and Vardomatski, Andrei and Veira, Jose Luis Veira and Villaman, Marcus and Welsch, Friedrich and Woessner, Christine and Worcester, Robert and Xingrong, Jiang and Yadov, Vladimir and Yamazaki, Seiko and Zamfir, Catalin and Zepa, Brigita and Zongde, Xiang and Zaiter, Josefina and Zulehner, Paul},
  biburl = {http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/297088411e186dc3d914641f8e6085181/jrennstich},
  date-modified = {2010-02-28 21:03:33 -0500},
  interhash = {94c191dd899ca5e246fac7a6166a7dd5},
  intrahash = {97088411e186dc3d914641f8e6085181},
  keywords = {system},
  location = {Ann Arbor, MI},
  timestamp = {2010-03-02T18:08:50.000+0100},
  title = {World Values Surveys and European Values Surveys, 1981-1984, 1990-1993, and 1995-1997},
  year = 2000
}

Endnote record

%0 Journal Article
%1 InglehartAguir:2000
%A Inglehart, Ronald
%A Aguir, Cesar
%A Ahmad, A.H.
%A Aliev, Ali
%A Alishauskiene, Rasa
%A Andreyenkov, Vladimir
%A Arocena, Jose
%A Auh, Soo Young
%A Bacevic, Lilijana
%A Balakireva, Olga
%A Barjaba, Kosta
%A Barker, David
%A Basanez, Miguel
%A Bashkirova, Elena
%A Benitez-Nazario, Jorge
%A Black, Alan
%A Boguszak, Marek
%A Canzani, Augustin
%A de Cilley, Marita Carballo
%A chao Chen, Pi
%A Chhibber, Pradeep
%A Chiu, Hei-Yuan
%A da Costa, Eric
%A Dalton, Russell
%A Nicolas, Juan Diez
%A Dobbelaere, Karel
%A Dogan, Mattei
%A Elzo, Javier
%A Erguder, Ustun
%A Esmer, Yilmaz
%A Ferrando, Manuel Garcia
%A Filipcova, Blanka
%A Fogarty, Michael
%A de Franca, Luis
%A Friesl, Christian
%A Fukuda, Yuji
%A Gabal, Ivan
%A Gallup, Alec
%A Gallup, George
%A Goati, Vladimir
%A Greyling, Anneke
%A Gubert, Renzo
%A Guerrero, Linda
%A Gundelach, Peter
%A Guo, Michael
%A Halman, Loek
%A jin Han, Sang
%A Haerpfer, Christian
%A Hankiss, Elemer
%A Harding, Stephen
%A Harris, Mari
%A Heald, Gordon
%A Heunks, Felix
%A Hug, Simon
%A Huneeus, Carlos
%A Iijima, Kenji
%A Ishimova, Ljubov
%A Jesumo, J.C.
%A Jonsson, Fridrik
%A Kalaycioglu, Ersin
%A Kerkhofs, Jan
%A Klingemann, Hans-Dieter
%A Koecher, Renate
%A Koroleva, Ilze
%A Lagos, Marta
%A Larsen, Max
%A Lemoine, Carlos
%A Linz, Juan
%A yun Liu, Jin
%A Listhaug, Ola
%A Lotreanu, Nicolae
%A Lotti, Leila
%A Madhok, V.P.
%A Manchin, Robert
%A Mangahas, Mahar
%A Matheus, Carlos Eduardo Meirelles
%A Matic, Jovanka
%A Mattes, Robert
%A Melich, Anna
%A Mendez, Gustavo
%A Mendizabal, Rafael
%A Misra, Subhasa
%A Molina, Jose
%A de Moor, Ruud
%A Moreno, Alejandro
%A Mouton, Johann
%A Nevitte, Neil
%A Noelle-Neumann, Elisabeth
%A Olafsson, Stefan
%A Orizo, Francisco Andres
%A Pachulia, Merab
%A Pandit, R. C.
%A Pantic, Dragomir
%A Pehkonen, Juhani
%A Petterson, Thorleif
%A Pogosian, Gevork
%A Puranen, Bi
%A Pusic, Vesna
%A Rabier, Jacques-Rene
%A Raichev, Andrei
%A Rak, Vladimir
%A Riffault, Helene
%A Riis, Ole
%A Rivera-Ortiz, Angel
%A Romero, Catalina
%A Saar, Andrus
%A Sciarini, Pascal
%A Siemienska, Renata
%A Stoichev, Kancho
%A Sudarsky, John
%A Tanwir, Farooq
%A Tejumola, Kareem
%A Timms, Noel
%A Titma, Mikk
%A Todorov, Antony
%A Torregrossa, Jose Ramon
%A Torres, Alfredo
%A Tos, Niko
%A Vala, Jorge
%A Valerion, Julio
%A Vardomatski, Andrei
%A Veira, Jose Luis Veira
%A Villaman, Marcus
%A Welsch, Friedrich
%A Woessner, Christine
%A Worcester, Robert
%A Xingrong, Jiang
%A Yadov, Vladimir
%A Yamazaki, Seiko
%A Zamfir, Catalin
%A Zepa, Brigita
%A Zongde, Xiang
%A Zaiter, Josefina
%A Zulehner, Paul
%D 2000
%K 
%T World Values Surveys and European Values Surveys, 1981-1984, 1990-1993, and 1995-1997
%X SUMMARY: The series is designed to enable a crossnational comparison of values and norms on a wide variety of topics and to monitor changes in values and attitudes across the globe. This data collection consists of responses from WORLD VALUES SURVEY, 1981-1983 (ICPSR 9309) and WORLD VALUES SURVEY, 1981-1984 AND 1990-1993 (ICPSR 6160), along with data gathered during 1995-1997. Over 60 surveys representing more than 50 countries participated in the 1995-1997 study. The 1995 questionnaire retained those items that gave the most significant results from the 1981 and 1990 surveys. New topics pertaining to technology, social relationships, and parent-child relationships were added. Broad topics covered were work, personal finances, the economy, politics, allocation of resources, contemporary social issues, technology and its impact on society, and traditional values. Respondents were asked whether the following acts were ever justifiable: suicide, cheating on taxes, lying, euthanasia, divorce, and abortion. Respondents were also asked about the groups and associations they belonged to, which ones they worked for voluntarily, the groups they would not want as neighbors, their general state of health, and whether they felt they had free choice and control over their lives. A wide range of items was included on the meaning and purpose of life, such as respondents' views on the value of scientific advances, the demarcation of good and evil, and religious behavior and beliefs.
Respondents were also queried about their attitudes toward religion, morality, politics, sexual freedom, marriage, single parenting, child-rearing, and the importance of work, family, politics, and religion in their lives. Questions relating to work included what financial and social benefits were most important to them in a job, the pride they took in their work, if they were happy with their current position, and their views on owner/state/employee management of business. Questions pertaining to the stability of the world economy, solutions for poverty, and whether respondents were happy with their financial situation were also asked. Respondents' opinions of various forms of political action, the most important aims for their countries, confidence in various civil and governmental institutions, and whether they would fight in a war for their country were also solicited. Demographic information includes family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, political party and union membership, and left-right political self-placement.

UNIVERSE: Adults 18 and over in the mass publics of 60 societies representing more than 50 different countries around the world.

SAMPLING: Both national random and quota sampling were used. The populations of India, China, and Nigeria, as well as rural areas and the illiterate population, were undersampled.

EXTENT OF COLLECTION: 1 data file + machine-readable documentation
(PDF) + SAS data definition statements + SPSS data definition
statements

EXTENT OF PROCESSING: MDATA.PR/ DDEF.ICPSR/ REFORM.DATA/
REFORM.DOC/ UNDOCCHK.ICPSR

DATA FORMAT: Logical Record Length with SAS and SPSS data
definition statements
File Structure: rectangular
Cases: 168,482
Variables: 251
Record Length: 352
Records Per Case: 1