@article{newell82,
title = {The {K}nowledge {L}evel},
author = {Alan Newell},
journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence},
volume = {18},
year = {1982},
description = {sdasda},
comment = {p. 90 - how to define knowledge, p 91 -- special issue on kr 2 key areas of Ai: representation and learning How do we 'represent' a certain problem in such a way that an intelligent agent might understand it? There is no agreement on KR. Knowledge as a further level of CS on top of programming ? Agents + BDI Logic just doesn't cut it for certain ccass of problems which humans have trouble comprehending principle of rationality - given knowledge that an action A will satisfy goal G, the agent will select that action. Yet knowledge cannot remdily be uisualized =simply too much knowledge in the world -> Chaos theory may be useful does knowing P, and knowing P->Q, lead to knowing Q? Logic is a tool for analysing knowledge, not for reasoning by intelligent agents. p.100 knowledge (under the knowledge-level hypothesis) is a competence-like notion, being a potential for generating action" knowledge is intimately linked with rationality representations are at the symbol level realizing a body of knowledge at the knowledge level knowledge serves as the specification of what a symbol structure should be able to do. Newell takes the functional, non-structural, cybernetic, black-box approach. knowledge is a "state-variable" in this perspective - from http://ksi.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/AIKM97/gaines/KMKL.html p.107 why isn't the collection of symbols S the knowledge in an agent? - short answer is that knowledge of the world cannot be captured in a finite structure. p. 109 solutions to the problem of representing knowledge - i.e what can we do at the symbol level to implement this black box? solutions are ways to say things about the environment, not about the internal structure. logics are good candidates - refined means for saying things about environments, but not the only one if we give the agent a set of logical expressions L, to say that the agent has knowledge K is to say the agent knows all that can be inferred from the conjunction of K p.110 but how can this be true if humans cannot know all the implications of L? knoweldge level is an approximation p. 114 representation = knowledge + access p. 115 is the agent actually intelligent? not once we start to delve into the symbol level p 117 distinction between epistemological adequacy (does there exist an adequate explicit representation of some knowledge) and heuristic adequacy p. 121 logic is a tool to analyze knowledge - to determine what exactly it contains and characterize it p. 122 knowledge is justified true belief in philosophical terms}, priority = {0}, citeulike-article-id = {121818},
keywords = {ai }
}
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