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Origenes alt und neu: Die Psalmenhomilien in der neuentdeckten Münchner Handschrift

. Zeitschrift für antikes Christentum, 17 (2): 193--214 (2013)

Abstract

In April 2012, Marina Molin Pradel discovered some homilies of Origen in an anonymous collection of 29 homilies on the Psalms preserved by the CodexGraecus 314 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich). An examination of the manuscript fully supports the attribution of the entire collection to Origen, not only because of external reasons (the list of his homilies in Jerome, Ep. 33; the Latin translation by Rufinus of the first four Homilies on Psalm 36; the excerpts transmitted by the catenae on the Psalms), but also due to internal grounds. The new homilies, a unique document of the extensive interpretation of the Psalms developed by Origen throughout his life, display an authentic origenian flavour and provide important parallels for a comparison with his other writings. We find, for instance, interesting materials with regard to his philological approach to the text of the Old and the New Testaments in the wake of Alexandrian philology, with the frequent recourse to hexaplaric readings and the Hebrew text. In addition, several features typical of Origen’s rhetoric as a preacher are well attested in the new homilies and serve to better illuminate the urban setting of Caesarea and the Palestinian milieu. The historical and doctrinal aspects also confirm that we are dealing with the situation of the Church between the 2nd and 3rd centuries and with the context familiar to Origen. This is shown particularly by the challenge of Marcionites and Gnostics as well as by the Judaizer among the Christians. Furthermore, the preacher does not conceal the opposition he meets even within his community for his fondness of elaborating his interpretation with a pneumatic-allegorical exegesis of the Scripture. The discovery of the 29 homilies of Origen on the Psalms represents the most important enrichment of the literary heritage bequeathed by the Alexandrian author since the discovery of the Tura Papyri in 1941.

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