Article,

Bridging the gap between visual and auditory discrimination learning in children with autism and severe developmental disabilities

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Journal on Developmental Disabilities, 7 (2): 142-155 (December 2000)SI: Special Issue: Recent research on the Assesment of Basic Learning Abilities Test.; MT: Electronic; Print; FO: Print; PO: Human; Male; Female; AG: Childhood (birth-12-yrs); Preschool-Age (2-5-yrs); School-Age (6-12-yrs); LO: Canada; MD: Empirical-Study; CRN: Number of References: 19; Displayed: 19.; REF: Fyffe, C., & Prior, M. (1978). Evidence of language recoding in autistic, retarded and normal children: a re-examination. British Journal of Psychology, 69, 393-402. Heffner, R. (1977). Developmental auditory agnosia in retarded adolescents: A preliminary investigation. Brain & Language, 4, 521-536. Kerr, N., Meyerson, L., & Flora, J. (1977). The measurement of motor, visual and auditory discrimination skills. Rehabilitation Psychology, 24, 95-112. Kovaltana, P., & Kraemer, H. (1974). Response to multiple visual cues: Colour, size, and form by autistic children. Journal of Autism & Childhood Schizophrenia, 4, 251-261. Krus, D. J., Bart, W. M., & Airasian, P. W. (1975). Ordering theory and methods. Los Angeles: Theta Press. Liberman, A., Cooper, F., Shankweiler, D., & Studdert-Kennedy, M. (1967). Perception of the speech code. Psychological Review, 74, 431-461. Lovaas, O. I., Koegel, R., & Schreibman, L. (1979). Stimulus overselectivity in autism: A review of research. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 1236-1254. doi:10.1037//0033-2909.86.6.1236 Martin, G., & Yu, D. (2000). Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities Test: An overview. Journal on Developmental Disabilities, 7, 10-36. Meyerson, L. (1977). AVC behavior and attempts to modify it. Rehabilitation Psychology, 24, 119-122. Meyerson, L., & Kerr, N. (1977). Teaching auditory discriminations to severely retarded children. Rehabilitation Psychology, 24, 123-128. Prior, M. (1979). Cognitive abilities and disabilities in infantile autism: A review. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 7, 357-380. Prior, M., & Chen, C. (1976). Short-term and serial memory in autistic, retarded, and normal children. Journal of Autism & Childhood Schizophrenia, 6, 121-131. Rincover, A., & Ducharme, J. (1987). Variables influencing stimulus overselectivity and "tunnel vision" in developmentally delayed children. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 91, 422-430. Rincover, A., Feldman, M., & Eason, L. (1986). "Tunnel vision": A possible keystone stimulus control deficit in autistic children. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 6, 283-304. Schreibman, L. (1975). Effects of within-stimulus and extra-stimulus prompting on discrimination learning in autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 8, 91-112. Schreibman, L. (1988). Autism. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Summers, J., Rincover, A., & Feldman, M. (1993). Comparison of extra- and within-stimulus prompting to teach prepositional discriminations to preschool children with developmental disabilities. Journal of Behavioural Education, 3, 287-298. Walker, J., Lin, Y. H., & Martin, G. L. (1994). Auditory matching skills and the ABLA test: where do they fit? Developmental Disabilities Bulletin, 22, 1-15. Witt, J., & Wacker, D. (1981). Teaching children to respond to auditory directives: An evaluation of two procedures. Behaviour Research of Severe Developmental Disabilities, 2, 175-189..

Abstract

By analysing the auditory discrimination tasks used in the Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities (ABLA) test, the current authors identified 4 component skills that may be prerequisites for speech discriminations: delayed visual-visual identity matching; visual-visual nonidentity matching; auditory-visual matching involving object sounds; and auditory-visual matching involving speech and object sounds. Of 32 children (aged 3-9 yrs; 20 with autistic-spectrum disorder) tested on the ABLA test, all but 1 child displayed pass-fail patterns on the ABLA test consistent with that reported in previous research. Of 17 children (13 with autistic-spectrum disorder) tested on the 4 component skills, all but 1 child showed the 4 component skills to be hierarchically ordered between ABLA Level 4 visual matching and Level 5 auditory discrimination. This study provides confirmation that children with autistic-spectrum disorders follow the same progression as typical children and children with developmentally disabilities on the ABLA test. The component skills have the potential to serve as bridging tasks for children who have persistent difficulty in acquiring basic auditory and speech discriminations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

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