Abstract
The directionality of axonal transport represents an important question
in neurophysiological and neuropathological research. Various approaches
such as videomicroscopy, radioisotopic and fluorescence-based techniques
are used. Recently, a novel FRAP-based (fluorescent recovery after
photobleaching) technique using synaptophysin-EGFP expression in
primary neurons was applied, allowing reliable and sensitive evaluation
of gross axonal transport changes using confocal live-imaging microscopy.
Here, we describe a novel FLIP-based (fluorescence loss in photobleaching)
approach using a synaptophysin-EGFP probe that allows the differential
evaluation of the ante- and retrograde transport parameters. Furthermore,
we improved the sensitivity of the probe by substituting EGFP with
an ECFP/VenusYFP fusion FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer)
pair. The use of this FRET couple improves the precision of axonal
transport measurements by combining FLIP and FLAP (fluorescence localization
after photobleaching) techniques and eliminating the need for pre-bleaching
images and thus pixel shifts between various exposures, and by reducing
the deleterious effect of photobleaching.
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