Abstract
We present a new comprehensive model of the physics of galaxy formation
designed for large-scale hydrodynamical simulations of structure formation
using the moving mesh code AREPO. Our model includes primordial and metal line
cooling with self-shielding corrections, stellar evolution and feedback
processes, gas recycling, chemical enrichment, a novel subgrid model for the
metal loading of outflows, black hole (BH) seeding, BH growth and merging
procedures, quasar- and radio-mode feedback, and a prescription for radiative
electro-magnetic (EM) feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN). Stellar
feedback is realised through kinetic outflows. The scaling of the mass loading
of galactic winds can be set to be either energy or momentum driven, or a
mixture of both. The metal mass loading of outflows can be adjusted
independently of the wind mass loading. This is required to simultaneously
reproduce the stellar mass content of low mass haloes and their gas oxygen
abundances. Radiative EM AGN feedback is implemented assuming an average
spectral energy distribution and a luminosity-dependent scaling of obscuration
effects. This form of feedback suppresses star formation more efficiently than
continuous thermal quasar-mode feedback alone, but is less efficient than
mechanical radio-mode feedback in regulating star formation in massive haloes.
We contrast simulation predictions for different variants of our model with
observations. We identify a best match model and show that it reproduces, among
other things, the cosmic star formation history, the stellar mass function, the
stellar mass - halo mass relation, SDSS galaxy luminosity functions, and the
Tully-Fisher relation. We can achieve this success only if we invoke very
strong forms of stellar and AGN feedback. In particular, the strength of
radio-mode feedback needs to be increased significantly compared to previous
studies.Abridged
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