http://www.bibsonomy.org/burst/BibSonomy BuRST Feed for /2008-05-15T04:54:53+02:00Rounding errors and Chayes' paradox -- Shaw 7 (2): 236 -- The Canadian Mineralogisthttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21b1384ef162b1d006d79347425b88a1f/thulefoththulefoth2008-05-15T04:52:30+02:00CanMin Chayes'_paradox rounding_errors standard_deviation statistics <span style="color:#555555;">D. M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Shaw">Shaw</a> </span><em>Can Mineral</em><em>7(2):236-244</em>(<em>1962</em>)Can Mineral2236-244{Rounding errors and Chayes&#039; paradox}71962CanMinChayes&#039;_paradoxrounding_errorsstandard_deviationstatisticsThe rounding rule in computation is based on the principle that no result of computation can have more significant figures than the original data. Use of this principle in statistics is ill-advised and leads to loss of information by rounding. Rules for determining the maximum number of figures to be retained in simple statistical calculations are developed. Let m be the number of figures in the maximum plus the minimum values of the sample of n observations, where n = f x 10 k (f is a fractional number between 1 and 10 and, is an integer). Then: A) for samples of at least 100 the maximum number of figures will be: a) m + k or m + k + 1 for the sum and the mean, b) 2m + k, 2m + k + 1 or 2m + k + 2 for the variance, c) one less than the variance for the standard deviation; B) for smaller samples the maximum number of figures will be: a) m or m + 1 for the sum and the mean, b) 2m, 2m + 1 or 2m + 2 for the variance, c) one less than the variance for the standard deviation; C) the first figures in the variance and standard deviation may be zeros; D) when a calculated statistic is to be used in further calculations it is preferable not to round it first; E) the sum and sum of squares should be always included with summary statistics, to prevent ambiguity. Analogous methods can be readily applied to calculations of other statistics. Representation of three or more component systems by a rectangular graphical method -- Dolar-Mantuani 6 (1): 151 -- The Canadian Mineralogisthttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2653f1597c503d753427f0a30f42c82c0/thulefoththulefoth2008-05-15T04:46:23+02:00graphical_methods mineralogy <span style="color:#555555;">Ludmila M. M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Dolar-Mantuani">Dolar-Mantuani</a> </span><em>Can Mineral</em><em>6(1):151-153</em>(<em>1957</em>)Can Mineral1151-153{Representation of three or more component systems by a rectangular graphical method}61957graphical_methodsmineralogyStudies of polished surfaces of pyrite, and some implications -- Stanton 6 (1): 87 -- The Canadian Mineralogisthttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/20f0b3b916caa497413dd91624fc93acb/thulefoththulefoth2008-05-15T04:43:35+02:00CanMin pyrite <span style="color:#555555;">R. L. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Stanton">Stanton</a> </span><em>Can Mineral</em><em>6(1):87-118</em>(<em>1957</em>)Can Mineral187-118{Studies of polished surfaces of pyrite, and some implications}61957CanMinpyriteDecrepitation characteristics of igneous rocks -- Smith 6 (1): 78 -- The Canadian Mineralogisthttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2916d17e41dcb707014ccfe595b42c1f7/thulefoththulefoth2008-05-15T04:39:20+02:00CanMin igneous_rocks <span style="color:#555555;">Frederick Gordon <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Smith">Smith</a> </span><em>Can Mineral</em><em>6(1):78-86</em>(<em>1957</em>)Can Mineral178-86{Decrepitation characteristics of igneous rocks}61957CanMinigneous_rockshttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24c5030d0da427c74b51343637d63d732/markvanheeswijkmarkvanheeswijk2008-05-15T03:17:27+02:00to_read <span style="color:#555555;">D. J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Watts">Watts</a> und S. H. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Strogatz">Strogatz</a> </span><em>Nature</em><em>393(6684):440--442</em><em>June1998. </em>Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. djw24@columbia.eduNatureJune6684440--442Collective dynamics of &#039;small-world&#039; networks.3931998to_readhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2698b1de6f82c120c7ea059c610c895d9/markvanheeswijkmarkvanheeswijk2008-05-15T03:12:10+02:00to_read <span style="color:#555555;">Jeffrey L. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Elman">Elman</a> </span><em>Machine Learning</em>(<em>1991</em>)Machine Learning195--225Distributed Representations, Simple Recurrent Networks, and Grammatical Structure71991to_readdblphttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e5f2365c1290fa5142e38206708de9b5/markvanheeswijkmarkvanheeswijk2008-05-15T03:09:48+02:00to_read <span style="color:#555555;">Angelo <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Cangelosi">Cangelosi</a> und Domenico <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Parisi">Parisi</a> </span><em>Connect. Sci.</em><em>10(2):83-97</em>(<em>1998</em>)Connect. Sci.283-97The Emergence of a &#039;Language&#039; in an Evolving Population of Neural Networks.101998to_readdblphttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/26445e2b9441921f16d64950954c703a1/markvanheeswijkmarkvanheeswijk2008-05-15T03:05:32+02:00to_read <span style="color:#555555;">Luc <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Steels">Steels</a> </span><em>IEEE Intelligent Systems</em><em>21(3):32-38</em>(<em>2006</em>)IEEE Intelligent Systems332-38Semiotic Dynamics for Embodied Agents.212006to_readSemiotic dynamics involves the processes whereby groups of people or artificial agents collectively invent and negotiate shared semiotic systems, which they use for communication or information organization. Tagging systems (such as Flickr, CiteULike, del.icio.us, or connotea) offer examples of human semiotic dynamics at work, aided by technologies such as the Internet but also by a new sense of collective action in an increasingly connected world. Semiotic dynamics builds on many earlier AI developments: the insights into and technologies of semantic networks and knowledge representation from the seventies, the ideas on embodiment and grounding from the late eighties, and the perspective of multiagent systems from the nineties. But all these aspects join together into a new vision on intelligence, with the social, collective dynamics of representation-making at the center. These new AI developments don’t stand in isolation; they resonate with recent developments in linguistics, psychology, and the mathematical study of networks. This article briefly illustrates the current study of semiotic dynamics, the resulting technologies, and the field’s impact on current and future intelligent systems applications. This article is part of a special issue on the Future of AI.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/264eadcefcb6d6e9574691be6dd91c439/markvanheeswijkmarkvanheeswijk2008-05-15T03:00:59+02:00to_read <span style="color:#555555;">V. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Loreto">Loreto</a> und L. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Steels">Steels</a> </span><em>Nature Physics</em>(<em>2007</em>)Nature Physics758-760Social dynamics: Emergence of language32007to_readdblphttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/285a73a8169e68fee13eea19ac87ad3d6/markvanheeswijkmarkvanheeswijk2008-05-15T02:59:48+02:00to_read <span style="color:#555555;">S. N. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Dorogovtsev">Dorogovtsev</a> und Alexander V. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Goltsev">Goltsev</a> und J. F. F. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Mendes">Mendes</a> </span><em>CoRR</em>(<em>2007</em>) <em>informal publication . </em>CoRRinformal publicationCritical phenomena in complex networksabs/0705.00102007to_readhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d2d05ad735350f2374e8e32b1be98e47/markvanheeswijkmarkvanheeswijk2008-05-15T02:56:38+02:00to_read <span style="color:#555555;">S. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Boccaletti">Boccaletti</a> und V. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Latora">Latora</a> und Y. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Moreno">Moreno</a> und M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Chavez">Chavez</a> und D. U. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Hwang">Hwang</a> </span><em>Physics Reports</em><em>424(4-5):175--308</em><em>February2006. </em>Physics ReportsFebruary4-5175--308Complex networks: Structure and dynamics4242006to_readCoupled biological and chemical systems, neural networks, social interacting species, the Internet and the World Wide Web, are only a few examples of systems composed by a large number of highly interconnected dynamical units. The first approach to capture the global properties of such systems is to model them as graphs whose nodes represent the dynamical units, and whose links stand for the interactions between them. On the one hand, scientists have to cope with structural issues, such as characterizing the topology of a complex wiring architecture, revealing the unifying principles that are at the basis of real networks, and developing models to mimic the growth of a network and reproduce its structural properties. On the other hand, many relevant questions arise when studying complex networks&#039; dynamics, such as learning how a large ensemble of dynamical systems that interact through a complex wiring topology can behave collectively. We review the major concepts and results recently achieved in the study of the structure and dynamics of complex networks, and summarize the relevant applications of these ideas in many different disciplines, ranging from nonlinear science to biology, from statistical mechanics to medicine and engineering.March 2008http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2063d9eaf89f4a785407e89a7d8681b91/markvanheeswijkmarkvanheeswijk2008-05-15T02:49:16+02:00complex_networks to_read <span style="color:#555555;">Steven <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Strogatz">Strogatz</a> </span><em>Nature</em>(<em>2001</em>)Nature268--276Exploring Complex Networks4102001complex_networksto_readThe study of networks pervades all of science, from neurobiology to statistical physics. The most basic issues are structural: how does one characterize the wiring diagram of a food web or the Internet of the metabolic network of the bacterium \emphEschericia coli? Are there any unifying principles underlying their topology? From the perspective of non-linear dynamics, we would also like to understand how an enormous network of interacting dynamical systems --- be they neurons, power stations or lasers --- will behave collectively, given their individual dynamics and coupling architecture. Researchers are only now begining to unravl the structure and dynamics of complex networks.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ecefd3e02a24f4a2255d5e74597ea71f/marcoalvarezmarcoalvarez2008-05-15T02:04:38+02:00DDM KDE <span style="color:#555555;">Yusuo <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Hu">Hu</a> und Hua <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Chen">Chen</a> und Jian Guang <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Lou">Lou</a> und Jiang <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Li">Li</a> </span><em>27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), </em>(<em>2007</em>)27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)Distributed density estimation using non-parametric statistics2007DDMKDELearning the underlying model from distributed data is often useful for many distributed systems. In this paper, we study the problem of learning a non-parametric model from distributed observations. We propose a gossip-based distributed kernel density estimation algorithm and analyze the convergence and consistency of the estimation process. Furthermore, we extend our algorithm to distributed systems under communication and storage constraints by introducing a fast and efficient data reduction algorithm. Experiments show that our algorithm can estimate underlying density distribution accurately and robustly with only small communication and storage overhead.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/29dceea81f3661adcd90c387937c655f5/marcoalvarezmarcoalvarez2008-05-15T01:43:24+02:00DDM KDE <span style="color:#555555;">Chris <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Giannella">Giannella</a> und Haimonti <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Dutta">Dutta</a> und Sourav <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Mukherjee">Mukherjee</a> und Hillol <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Kargupta">Kargupta</a> </span><em>9th Workshop on Mining Scientific and Engineering Datasets, 6th International SIAM Conference on Data Mining (SDM), </em>(<em>2006</em>)9th Workshop on Mining Scientific and Engineering Datasets, 6th International SIAM Conference on Data Mining (SDM)Efficient kernel density estimation over distributed data2006DDMKDEWe consider the problem of Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) over distributed data. Our work is motivated by the fact that, in some cases, large data repositories are, in their native form, distributed over many sites. In environments where communication is limited, centralization of the data can be problematic. We examine a framework where the sites build local models which are combined at a central site to produce an approximation to the KDE over the entire dataset. We carry out experiments comparing two realizations of this framework (uniform sampling and linear binning). We compare these two techniques in terms of their accuracy at: directly approximating the centralized KDE (measured by 2-norm function distance), density-based classification, and density-based clustering.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c7363031e72dc5d6fd47c6cfa50620de/marcoalvarezmarcoalvarez2008-05-15T01:24:24+02:00Agents Clustering DDM <span style="color:#555555;">Joel W. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Reed">Reed</a> und Thomas E. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Potok">Potok</a> und Robert M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Patton">Patton</a> </span><em>3rd International Workshop on Software Engineering for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems (SELMAS), 26th International Conference on Software Engineering, </em><em>Seite152--155. </em>(<em>2004</em>)3rd International Workshop on Software Engineering for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems (SELMAS), 26th International Conference on Software Engineering152--155A multi-agent system for distributed cluster analysis2004AgentsClusteringDDMOne of the approaches used to improve the accuracy and relevancy in information retrieval is cluster analysis. Clustering methods determine relationships among text documents, and allow the determination of similar groups or clusters of documents. These methods are computationally expensive, thereby limiting their use to a relatively small set of documents. This paper describes a multi-agent system to cluster large data sets. This technique is then compared to hierarchical agglomerative clustering using a small set of text data. Results show that the agent-based approach can significantly reduce the time required to cluster large data sets.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/265d31de47077925dd4fb8feb0291f52d/marcoalvarezmarcoalvarez2008-05-15T01:19:31+02:00Clustering DDM <span style="color:#555555;">Matthias <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Klusch">Klusch</a> und Stefano <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Lodi">Lodi</a> und Gianluca <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Moro">Moro</a> </span><em>International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI), </em><em>Seite485--490. </em>(<em>2003</em>)International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI)485--490Distributed clustering based on sampling local density estimates2003ClusteringDDMHuge amounts of data are stored in autonomous, geographically distributed sources. The discovery of previously unknown, implicit and valuable knowledge is a key aspect of the exploitation of such sources. In recent years several approaches to knowledge discovery and data mining, and in particular to clustering, have been developed, but only a few of them are designed for distributed data sources. We propose a novel distributed clustering algorithm based on non-parametric kernel density estimation, which takes into account the issues of privacy and communication costs that arise in a distributed environment.Hydrothermal Vents of Juan de Fuca Ridgehttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/261a729c451e2f1ddea1dd0d1906491bf/thulefoththulefoth2008-05-15T01:07:17+02:00Black_Smokers Juan_de_Fuca_Ridge hydrothermal_vents <span style="color:#555555;">J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/{Stark}">Stark</a> </span><em>Science Education in Partnership, </em><em>Seite7-+. </em>(<em>2002</em>)Science Education in Partnership7-+{Hydrothermal Vents of Juan de Fuca Ridge}2002Black_SmokersJuan_de_Fuca_Ridgehydrothermal_ventsAs a member of REVEL (Research and Education: Volcanoes, Exploration and Life), I had an opportunity to participant in a scientific research cruise focused on the active volcanoes along the Juan de Fuca Ridge, the submarine spreading center off the Washington- Oregon-Canada coast. REVEL was sponsored by the National Science Foundation, University of Washington, Pennsylvania State University and the American Museum of Natural History. We studied the geological, chemical and biological processes associated with active hydrothermal systems and my research focused on the biological communities of the sulfide structures. We worked on board the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Vessel, R/V Atlantis and the submersible ALVIN was used to sample the &#034;Black Smokers&#034;. As a member of the scientific party, I participated in collection and sorting of biological specimens from the vent communities, attended lectures by scientists, contributed to the cruise log website, maintained a journal and developed my own research project. It was my responsibility to bring this cutting-edge research back to the classroom.Colored Bands: History of Chromatographyhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2815740dded08f056c5497fb1ef4cbd97/thulefoththulefoth2008-05-15T01:01:24+02:00Michael_Tswett chromatography_history <span style="color:#555555;">K. R. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/{Williams}">Williams</a> </span><em>Journal of Chemical Education</em><em>August2002. </em>Journal of Chemical EducationAugust922-+{Colored Bands: History of Chromatography}792002Michael_Tswettchromatography_historySeveral articles describing the historical origins of chromatography have appeared in the Journal of Chemical Education, including early studies in the 1800&#039;s, as well as the work of Michael Tswett in the first two decades of the 20th century. Of especial interest is an English translation of Tswett&#039;s first complete publication on chromatographic methods, a paper considered today to be a landmark of the scientific literature.Tectonic Surfing: Evidence of Rapid Landward Transport in the Cascadia Subductiohttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/279677ef980018f4b401ec2b32273ed02/thulefoththulefoth2008-05-15T00:53:01+02:00Cascadia_Subduction_Wedge Cascadia_Subduction_Zone Hoh_assemblage Miocene Olympic_Peninsula Olympic_Structural_Complex Quillayute_Formation tectonic <span style="color:#555555;">R. J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/{Stewart}">Stewart</a> und M. T. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/{Brandon}">Brandon</a> und K. A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/{Campbell}">Campbell</a> und E. A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/{Nesbitt}">Nesbitt</a> und F. J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/{Pazzaglia}">Pazzaglia</a> </span><em>AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts</em><em>December2003. </em>AGU Fall Meeting AbstractsDecemberA146+{Tectonic Surfing: Evidence of Rapid Landward Transport in the Cascadia Subduction Wedge, NW Washington State}2003Cascadia_Subduction_WedgeCascadia_Subduction_ZoneHoh_assemblageMioceneOlympic_PeninsulaOlympic_Structural_ComplexQuillayute_FormationtectonicThere is considerable evidence now that over the last 15 m.y., the Cascadia subduction wedge along the Olympic Peninsula has been in a flux steady state, where the accretionary influx is balanced with the erosional outflux from the forearc high. This steady state condition implies that the size and shape of the wedge have also been in steady state as well. If correct, we can use the steady-state flux Fa ˜45 km2/m.y. and the present shape of the wedge to predict the average transit time τ through the wedge, given by τ (x) = A(x) /Fa, where x is the landward distance from the front of the wedge and A(x) is the area of the wedge seaward of x. Given the present bathymetry of the wedge, z(x), we can relate age to depth (τ to z) for accreted material moving through the wedge. These relationships predict an age-depth history that is remarkably similar to that determined for the Coastal unit of the Olympic Structural Complex (OSC) (Hoh assemblage), which consists of accreted sediments presently exposed along the west coast of the Olympic Peninsula. For this comparison, we have determined new estimates of paleo-water depth using paleobathymetric interprations for benthic forams by Ingle (1980), together with published benthic foram reports by W. Rau. The Coastal OSC was deposited at 16.5 Ma at water depths &gt;2000 m, which is similar to the 2500 m depth of the modern trench. The Coastal OSC is highly deformed and imbricated, consistent with its origin by subduction accretion. Thermal indicators show that the unit never experienced temperatures &gt; ˜100 C, so this structural unit must have been accreted near the front of the wedge and transported landward just beneath the surface of the wedge. Exploration wells on the shelf west of the Olympic Peninsula drilled through a coherently bedded sequence and into the underlying Coastal OSC. The base of the coherent sequence is middle and late Miocene (15 to 10 Ma) and was deposited at &gt;2000 m water depth, which indicates deposition in a post-accretionary lower slope basin. The Quillayute Formation, which overlies the Coastal OSC on land, is late Miocene ( ˜10 Ma) age, and was deposited at ˜1000 m depth. The upper part of the Quinault Formation, which also overlies the Coastal OSC onland, was deposited at 150 m at ˜4.5 Ma. The Coastal OSC is currently exposed near sea level along the west coast of the Olympic Peninsula. Geomorphic evidence in Pazzaglia and Brandon (2001) indicates that these rocks are currently moving landward at a rate of ˜3 km/m.y. All of these estimates compare well with our simple quantitative model, which assumes only frontal accretion in a steady state wedge. If correct, the Coastal OSC has moved landward in the direction of convergence by 135 km since its initial accretion at 16.5 Ma. Rapid landward transport may be a common feature at other accreting subduction wedges.Mining association rules between sets of items in large databaseshttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c471f1ca660f1beebd4cc79787180127/balquibalqui2008-05-15T00:42:13+02:00AssociationRules DataMining <span style="color:#555555;">Rakesh <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Agrawal">Agrawal</a> und Tomasz <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Imieli\&amp;\#324;ski">Imieli&amp;#324;ski</a> und Arun <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Swami">Swami</a> </span><em>SIGMOD '93: Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data, </em><em>Seite207--216. </em><em>New York, NY, USA, </em><em>ACM Press, </em>(<em>1993</em>)New York, NY, USASIGMOD &#039;93: Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data207--216Mining association rules between sets of items in large databases1993AssociationRulesDataMining