BibSonomyburst/tag/NewBibSonomy RSS feed for /tag/New2012-02-14T22:31:30+01:00http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/26085aa6c039954ede5685b739bf397e1/georges_pgeorges_p2011-12-22T11:51:38+01:00New Overall Patent Patents Product Technology Technology-based, analysis; and citation citation; design, design; development, development; efficiency; family; intellectual inventions; performance; product property rights; searching; technical technology <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/C.S.b">OuYang K.a Weng C.S.b</a> </span><em>Technological Forecasting and Social Change</em> <em>78(7):1183-1199</em> (<em>2011</em>)<em>cited By since 1996 0 . </em>Thu Dec 22 11:51:38 CET 2011Technological Forecasting and Social Changecited By (since 1996) 071183-1199A New Comprehensive Patent Analysis Approach for New Product Design in Mechanical Engineering782011New Overall Patent Patents Product Technology Technology-based, analysis; and citation citation; design, design; development, development; efficiency; family; intellectual inventions; performance; product property rights; searching; technical technology This study proposes a five-phase procedure for a new product design process. Based on the concept of "focus first, then extend", this study presents a new approach called the New Comprehensive Patent Analysis model (NCPA) which combines the patent family with patent citation analysis in a new product design process. The procedure includes the following features: (1) integrating the perspective of management-based and technology-based design for patent searching, (2) building a patent family based on industry basic patents, (3) filtering the patent family to obtain key patents, (4) utilizing patent citations to gain necessary technology information in product development design, and (5) combining TRIZ theory to construct patent technology performance maps, and to discover product niches. This NCPA model is empirically applied in a real case. The results show that the NCPA improves the overall efficiency of new product designs, but also involves higher cost than other approaches. Β© 2011 Elsevier Inc.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/20f9cd7d4463e24a9d8d092dcc62bc475/georges_pgeorges_p2011-12-22T11:51:38+01:00(RFID) Competitive Cryptography; Customer Development Effective Engineering Failure Innovative Kano Kano&#039;s Management Manufacture; New Product Professional Quality RFID Radio Refining, TRIZ, Theory analysis; applications; approaches; aspects; demands; deployment; environment; frequency function functions; identification inventive model; of problem process; product; quality; rate; satisfaction; services; solving; tool; <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/C.-C.c">Lin C.-S.a Chen L.-S.b Hsu C.-C.c</a> </span><em>Expert Systems with Applications</em> <em>38(12):15523-15533</em> (<em>2011</em>)<em>cited By since 1996 0 . </em>Thu Dec 22 11:51:38 CET 2011Expert Systems with Applicationscited By (since 1996) 01215523-15533An innovative approach for RFID product functions development382011(RFID) Competitive Cryptography; Customer Development Effective Engineering Failure Innovative Kano Kano's Management Manufacture; New Product Professional Quality RFID Radio Refining, TRIZ, Theory analysis; applications; approaches; aspects; demands; deployment; environment; frequency function functions; identification inventive model; of problem process; product; quality; rate; satisfaction; services; solving; tool; Today, new services creation is very crucial for RFID (radio frequency identification) products manufacturers. A newly successful RFID application can enhance their change in organization and to manage growth in an increasingly competitive environment. But, there is a high failure rate in new products development processes. Thus, RFID manufacturers need an effective tool to assist them to create novel RFID product functions. This study proposes a newly systematic approach called QT-Kano model which integrates three management tools, quality function deployment (QFD), the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ), and a refined Kano's model, to create new product functions of RFID products. In QT-Kano model, QFD has firstly been used to transform customer demands into engineering quality characteristics. Secondly, based on the contradiction relationship between those engineering quality characteristics, the novel designed functions are created by TRIZ. Finally, to reduce the high failure rate in new products development processes, a refined Kano's model are applied to offer a better understanding from customer's viewpoint and to assist service designers focusing on the most important attributes that need to be improved. A real case of RFID product function development is demonstrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. Β© 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21e3608d48b577aee03ae6fd6ebbe83c1/georges_pgeorges_p2011-12-22T11:51:38+01:00Biodiversity; CBr; Case Cell Concept Design Eco-innovation; Ecodesign; Index Innovative LCA Life Life-cycle New Product Simple Surrounding Sustainable TRIZ Telecommunication approaches; assessment; assessments; based changes; cycle cycle; design design; designs; development; environment; equipment, evolution ideas; life methods; patterns, phone; problems; reasoning; systems; <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/J.L.">Yang C.J. Chen J.L.</a> </span><em>Expert Systems with Applications</em> <em>39(3):2884-2892</em> (<em>2012</em>)<em>cited By since 1996 0 . </em>Thu Dec 22 11:51:38 CET 2011Expert Systems with Applicationscited By (since 1996) 032884-2892Forecasting the design of eco-products by integrating TRIZ evolution patterns with CBR and Simple LCA methods392012Biodiversity; CBr; Case Cell Concept Design Eco-innovation; Ecodesign; Index Innovative LCA Life Life-cycle New Product Simple Surrounding Sustainable TRIZ Telecommunication approaches; assessment; assessments; based changes; cycle cycle; design design; designs; development; environment; equipment, evolution ideas; life methods; patterns, phone; problems; reasoning; systems; As is well known in biology, organisms adapt and evolve in response to their surrounding environments, a phenomenon similarly found in product development. Among the factors that may influence product changes include functional improvements, consumer habits, and the emergence of new technologies. Humans must develop products that impact the environment minimally to ensure sustainable living. This work presents a forecasting novel model to acquire innovative ideas more easily to design eco products, followed by evaluation of whether the new design is more effective than currently available ones in the concept design stage. The innovative approach to solving design problems is based on TRIZ evolution patterns, in which the index system of case-based reasoning connects the innovative idea to cases located in a database to accelerate the process. Finally, simple life cycle assessment is introduced to determine whether if the solution is better for the environment than the currently available ones. A novel eco-innovation concept for a cell phone is also presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. Β© 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/296d422ce504fd7a77090701742f21838/georges_pgeorges_p2011-12-20T14:36:06+01:00Business CAI; Computing Industrial Innovation Invention; Methodological New Patents Research Scientific Strategic TRIZ, age; agenda; and approach; community; environments; intention; inventions, practices; process; tools; <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Cavallucci">D. Cavallucci</a> </span><em>Computers in Industry</em> <em>62(4):377-383</em> (<em>2011</em>)<em>cited By since 1996 0 . </em>Tue Dec 20 14:36:06 CET 2011Computers in Industrycited By (since 1996) 04377-383A research agenda for computing developments associated with innovation pipelines622011Business CAI; Computing Industrial Innovation Invention; Methodological New Patents Research Scientific Strategic TRIZ, age; agenda; and approach; community; environments; intention; inventions, practices; process; tools; Over the past few decades, our industrial age has entered into an important phase in its evolution: innovation. While innovation could proclaim underlying political and strategic intentions when it was still in the early stages, it must now assert itself in the form of tangible and measurable methodological approaches backed by tools that are designed to provide stakeholders with services at every phase of the innovation process. The world of standardization has already perceived the need to standardize and measure innovation. However, it has perhaps not yet anticipated that any form of measurement is only meaningful if our computing tools have been sufficiently developed to cope with this evolution. Indeed, while the age of quality saw the emergence and firm anchoring of several tools in our industrial practice, the age of innovation is still focused on research in the fields of marketing and management, and any initiatives that dare attempt to structure its deployment via radical changes in what is currently known, practised and acknowledged in the business environment today, are thin on the ground. This article traces the historical facts that legitimize the emergence of a new age for tools allowing computer-aided artefact creation and proposes a research agenda for the scientific communities involved. Β© 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/261a27c4b220c4610d4ef88fbd7fe7b40/opiazzaopiazza2011-11-26T20:00:51+01:00NIV http://www.translationalmedicine.unisa.it/volumes/2011_01 new on paper <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Robertis">E. De Robertis</a>, <a href="/author/Iannuzzi">M. Iannuzzi</a>, <a href="/author/Tufano">R. Tufano</a>, and <a href="/author/Piazza">O. Piazza</a> </span><em>http://www.translationalmedicine.unisa.it/volumes/2011_01</em> <em>1(1):229-236</em> (<em>2011</em>)Sat Nov 26 20:00:51 CET 2011http://www.translationalmedicine.unisa.it/volumes/2011_011229-236PRE- AND IN-HOSPITAL NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION12011NIV http://www.translationalmedicine.unisa.it/volumes/2011_01 new on paper http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f9c08940bc70b9a9d4d6bf2756a54eb8/kampkkampk2011-07-27T16:10:25+02:00digibib_export USA; Suchmaschine; Online-Werbung; Konzentration &lt;Wirtschaft&gt;; New Economy; Google Inc.; merger control; multisided platforms; screening mechanism; Economics <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Beschorner">Patrick F. E. Beschorner</a> </span><em>Universität Mannheim ZEW. ZEW, </em>(<em>2008</em>)Wed Jul 27 16:10:25 CEST 2011Universität Mannheim ZEW. ZEWBuchDo consumers benefit from concentration in the New Economy?. a review of Google's mergers, acquisitions, and arrangementstext2008digibib_export USA; Suchmaschine; Online-Werbung; Konzentration <Wirtschaft>; New Economy; Google Inc.; merger control; multisided platforms; screening mechanism; Economics Within the last three years, Google has acquired YouTube and DoubleClick and has attempted to control part of Yahoo!'s search advertising business. Two of the deals have not raised antitrust concerns by competition authorities. I review these deals with a focus on consumer welfare. Consumers are affected by being on one side of a multisided platform. Provided that better matches of search ads are beneficial, I demonstrate that the mergers may have positive effects for consumers through better matches between users and search ads. However, this does not substitute an in-depth antitrust assessment of the deals.Datensatz exportiert aus der DigiBib (www.digibib.net)http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f5a85a4530b877d34fc2d40cc0c48f3c/aesopaesop2011-07-08T20:06:45+02:00Committee E-books E-journals Generation Google Impact Information Joint Library Network Observatory Programme Project{\textquoteright}, Research Scholar Systems The These Usage Virtual activity analysis and are article case data. deep diversity, enable environment, for from goes illustrated in information insights is it log major, methodological methods, monitoring moving national new now obtain of on outcomes. outlined possible presented regard relating research results robust satisfaction scholarly seeking shows space studies study studying such techniques thanks that that, the their then three to us use users using virtual what {(BL)-funded} {(JISC)-funded} {(RIN)-funded} {CIBER&#039;s} {JISC/British} {UK{\textquoteright}.,} {\textendash} {{\textquoteleft}Evaluating} {{\textquoteleft}National} <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Nicholas">David Nicholas</a> </span><em>Serials: The Journal for the Serials Community</em> <em>21(2):89--92</em> (<em>January 2008</em>)Fri Jul 08 20:06:45 CEST 2011Serials: The Journal for the Serials Communityjan289--92The information-seeking behaviour of the virtual scholar: from use to users212008Committee E-books E-journals Generation Google Impact Information Joint Library Network Observatory Programme Project{\textquoteright}, Research Scholar Systems The These Usage Virtual activity analysis and are article case data. deep diversity, enable environment, for from goes illustrated in information insights is it log major, methodological methods, monitoring moving national new now obtain of on outcomes. outlined possible presented regard relating research results robust satisfaction scholarly seeking shows space studies study studying such techniques thanks that that, the their then three to us use users using virtual what {(BL)-funded} {(JISC)-funded} {(RIN)-funded} {CIBER's} {JISC/British} {UK{\textquoteright}.,} {\textendash} {{\textquoteleft}Evaluating} {{\textquoteleft}National} The case is presented for moving on from monitoring activity in the virtual scholarly space to studying the virtual information seeking of users and then relating that to diversity, satisfaction and scholarly outcomes. The article shows that, thanks to new methodological techniques that enable us to obtain deep and robust insights of what goes on in the virtual environment, it is now possible to obtain such data. These methods, using deep log analysis, are outlined and results illustrated in regard to {CIBER's} Virtual Scholar Research Programme and their use in three major, national research studies {\textendash} the Joint Information Systems Committee {(JISC)-funded} {{\textquoteleft}National} E-books Observatory Project{\textquoteright}, The {JISC/British} Library {(BL)-funded} Google Generation study and the Research Information Network {(RIN)-funded} {{\textquoteleft}Evaluating} the Usage and Impact of E-journals in the {UK{\textquoteright}.}http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2956ba3e2aa566cb529084ee229ab2875/iwwiww2011-05-03T17:01:48+02:00(condition-type), (feature{\_}two{\_}browse-bin), AAS, Age, Alter Ausgabe, Condition Gebundene General Gr{\&#034;o}se Kreativit{\&#034;a}t, New Normale Wirtschaftsethik, {\&#034;U}berblick, <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Gamper">Karl Gamper</a>, and <a href="/author/Gamper">Jwala Gamper</a> </span>(<em>2007</em>)Tue May 03 17:01:48 CEST 20112. Auflage0So sch{\"o}n kann Wirtschaft sein: Der Aufbruch der Kulturell-Kreativen2007(condition-type), (feature{\_}two{\_}browse-bin), AAS, Age, Alter Ausgabe, Condition Gebundene General Gr{\"o}se Kreativit{\"a}t, New Normale Wirtschaftsethik, {\"U}berblick, http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c3eeaa862082b3cbd7d2806747a8758e/schmidt2schmidt22011-03-11T16:20:57+01:00discovery new webservice <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Hagemann">Stephan Hagemann</a>, <a href="/author/Letz">Carolin Letz</a>, and <a href="/author/Vossen">Gottfried Vossen</a> </span><em>Next Generation Web Services Practices, International Conference on</em> (<em>2007</em>)Fri Mar 11 16:20:57 CET 2011Los Alamitos, CA, USANext Generation Web Services Practices, International Conference on113-118Web Service Discovery - Reality Check 2.002007discovery new webservice Web Service Discovery - Reality Check 2.0http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e7a0a4c375a2a733ded1ea91a9926b33/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Ancestry Assessment Care), Censuses, Class, Factors Group, Health Humans, Indicators, Indigenous, Justice, New Oceanic Outcome Poverty, Services, Social Socioeconomic Status Zealand, {(Health} <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Reid"> Reid</a>, <a href="/author/Robson">B Robson</a>, and <a href="/author/Jones">C P Jones</a> </span><em>Pacific Health Dialog</em> <em>7(1):38--47</em> (<em>March 2000</em>)<em>PMID: 11709879 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011Pacific Health Dialogmar{PMID:} 11709879138--47Disparities in health: common myths and uncommon truths72000Ancestry Assessment Care), Censuses, Class, Factors Group, Health Humans, Indicators, Indigenous, Justice, New Oceanic Outcome Poverty, Services, Social Socioeconomic Status Zealand, {(Health} A reappraisal of disparities by deprivation provides new and important information. {NZDep96} is an area-based index of socioeconomic deprivation that uses nine variables measured in the 1996 census. The distribution of the Māori ethnic group is sharply skewed towards the most deprived deciles with only three percent in decile 1 and twenty-six percent residing in decile 10 meshblocks. More than half (56\%) of Māori live in areas represented by the three most deprived deciles. This pattern is consistent within both sectors of the Māori ethnic group: sole Māori--those who give Māori as their only ethnicity and mixed Māori--those who give Māori as only one of their ethnicities. This is a 'distribution gap'. Within disparities analysis, there is also evidence of an 'outcome gap'. That is, the health outcomes of Māori are different from {non-Māori,} even after controlling for deprivation. For example, overseas data on life expectancy at birth have demonstrated social class gradients with lower life expectancy among manual workers and increasing life expectancy for trades-people, through to managerial and professional workers. This gradient is also evident in Aotearoa with life expectancy at birth decreasing as deprivation increases. A third dimension is evident in a review of disparities by deprivation,--a 'gradient gap'. This describes the relationship between ethnicity and increasing deprivation. It is as if the effect of increasing deprivation compounds risk for Māori whereas Pākehā do not seem subject to this effect. Analyses that foreground disparities have been portrayed as oppositional or secondary to Māori health development. In such frameworks where a disparity focus intersects with a development focus, the impression is given that the two are interconnected but move past each other in different directions. Our analysis promotes the disparities focus and the development focus as parallel reinforcing variables, each informing the other in the design and provision of services that have as their starting point, Māori needs. These services offer hope and opportunity for Māori but risk the vulnerability of special provision services (e.g. cuts in government expenditure). Furthermore the may delay the imperative of addressing the societal drivers that perpetuate disparities. This tension to engage in remedial reform is an important dilemma in Māori health development.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ff2989e5844bbd4c7be6789110fd7b82/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Adolescent, Adult, B, Bacterial Bacterial, Chain Child, Disease Epidemiology, Ethnic Groups, Humans, Infant, Infections, Meningococcal Molecular, Neisseria New Outbreaks, Polymerase Preschool, Reaction Serogroup Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, {DNA,} <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Dyet"> Dyet</a>, <a href="/author/Devoy">A Devoy</a>, <a href="/author/McDowell">R McDowell</a>, and <a href="/author/Martin">D Martin</a> </span><em>Vaccine</em> <em>23(17-18):2228--30</em> (<em>March 2005</em>)<em>PMID: 15755601 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011Vaccinemar{PMID:} 1575560117-182228--30New Zealand's epidemic of meningococcal disease described using molecular analysis: implications for vaccine delivery232005Adolescent, Adult, B, Bacterial Bacterial, Chain Child, Disease Epidemiology, Ethnic Groups, Humans, Infant, Infections, Meningococcal Molecular, Neisseria New Outbreaks, Polymerase Preschool, Reaction Serogroup Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, {DNA,} New Zealand's epidemic of meningococcal disease began in mid 1991. Surveillance of meningococcal disease in New Zealand is based on a combination of disease notification and organism characterisation. Case numbers and population rates rose from 53 (1.5 per 100,000 population) in 1990 to a high of 650 (17.4 per 100,000 population) in 2001. The highest rates of disease occur in Pacific peoples under 20 years but the highest percentages of cases occur in Maori and European New Zealanders. The epidemic has been driven by a strain identified as {B:4:P1.7b,4,} {ST-41/44} {complex/Lineage} {III.} The stability of the P1.7b,4 Por A protein has been demonstrated suggesting that the epidemic may be controlled by a strain-specific {OMV} vaccine.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2bd241e17516d5bd994e8cd76e01e2ee6/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00B, Disease Factors Humans, Immunization Infections, Meningococcal Neisseria New Outbreaks, Population Postmarketing, Product Programs, Risk Serogroup Surveillance, Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Sexton">Kerry Sexton</a>, <a href="/author/Lennon">Diana Lennon</a>, <a href="/author/Oster">Philipp Oster</a>, <a href="/author/Crengle">Sue Crengle</a>, <a href="/author/Martin">Diana Martin</a>, <a href="/author/Mulholland">Kim Mulholland</a>, <a href="/author/Percival">Teuila Percival</a>, <a href="/author/Reid">Stewart Reid</a>, <a href="/author/Stewart">Joanna Stewart</a>, and <a href="/author/O&#039;Hallahan">Jane O&#039;Hallahan</a> </span><em>The New Zealand Medical Journal</em> <em>117(1200):U1015</em> (<em>August 2004</em>)<em>PMID: 15475985 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011The New Zealand Medical Journalaug{PMID:} 154759851200U1015The New Zealand Meningococcal Vaccine Strategy: a tailor-made vaccine to combat a devastating epidemic1172004B, Disease Factors Humans, Immunization Infections, Meningococcal Neisseria New Outbreaks, Population Postmarketing, Product Programs, Risk Serogroup Surveillance, Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, The New Zealand Meningococcal Vaccine Strategy aims to end the devastating 14-year epidemic of {B:4:P1.7b,4} group B meningococcal disease in New Zealand through a mass immunisation programme to all under 20 year olds using a tailor-made vaccine {(MeNZB).} This paper describes the scientific rationale, development, and key components of the New Zealand Meningococcal Vaccine Strategy. A summary of the efficacy and safety data of existing outer membrane vesicle group B meningococcal vaccines is included as these data critically support the Strategy.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24373f59c0e20e82f547c639884f7f9fc/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Adult, Australia, Canada, Child, Employment, Europe, Exercise, Factors, Female, Health Humans, Male, Motivation, New Policy, Politics, Poverty, Promotion, Socioeconomic States Status, United Zealand, <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Raphael">Dennis Raphael</a> </span><em>Health Promotion Journal of Australia: Official Journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals</em> <em>17(3):167--170</em> (<em>December 2006</em>)<em>PMID: 17176228 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011Health Promotion Journal of Australia: Official Journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionalsdec{PMID:} 171762283167--170The social determinants of health: what are the three key roles for health promotion?172006Adult, Australia, Canada, Child, Employment, Europe, Exercise, Factors, Female, Health Humans, Male, Motivation, New Policy, Politics, Poverty, Promotion, Socioeconomic States Status, United Zealand, http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/20e73df3c66640fa0667b7a97b00a9c7b/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Agents, Assessment, Bacterial, Combination, Conjunctivitis, Cross Drug Health, Hospital, Humans, Infant, Infection, Infections, Male, Meningococcal Neisseria New Newborn, Nurseries, Outcome Prevention, Primary Public Risk South Therapy, Treatment Wales, meningitidis, {Anti-Bacterial} <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Poulos">Roslyn G Poulos</a>, <a href="/author/Smedley">Elizabeth J Smedley</a>, <a href="/author/Ferson">Mark J Ferson</a>, <a href="/author/Bolisetty">Srinivas Bolisetty</a>, and <a href="/author/Tapsall">John W Tapsall</a> </span><em>Communicable Diseases Intelligence</em> <em>26(4):592--595</em> (<em>2002</em>)<em>PMID: 12549532 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011Communicable Diseases Intelligence{PMID:} 125495324592--595Refining the public health response to primary meningococcal conjunctivitis262002Agents, Assessment, Bacterial, Combination, Conjunctivitis, Cross Drug Health, Hospital, Humans, Infant, Infection, Infections, Male, Meningococcal Neisseria New Newborn, Nurseries, Outcome Prevention, Primary Public Risk South Therapy, Treatment Wales, meningitidis, {Anti-Bacterial} Primary meningococcal conjunctivitis {(PMC)} is accepted as an uncommon condition. This report describes two recent cases of {PMC} in newborn infants in a hospital nursery. In both cases the organisms identified were non-groupable strains of N. meningiditis, considered to be of low pathogenic potential. Both infants received systemic therapy and recovered without sequelae. The Guidelines for the early clinical and public health management of meningococcal disease in Australia recommend the notification of {PMC} to public health authorities and chemoprophylaxis of contacts. However, our 2 cases suggest that the guidelines should allow for an assessment of risk in determining the public health response. This assessment should include the severity of the conjunctivitis and the serogroup of the N. meningitidis isolate.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/268ac4de03a4ed8ae4df2a6b4aaf59139/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Africa Americas, Asia, Australia, Europe, Factors Geography, Humans, Incidence, Infections, Meningococcal Neisseria New Sahara, Serotyping, South Time Zealand, meningitidis, of the <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Harrison">Lee H Harrison</a>, <a href="/author/Trotter">Caroline L Trotter</a>, and <a href="/author/Ramsay">Mary E Ramsay</a> </span><em>Vaccine</em> (<em>June 2009</em>)<em>PMID: 19477562 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011Vaccinejun{PMID:} 19477562B51--63Global epidemiology of meningococcal disease27 Suppl 22009Africa Americas, Asia, Australia, Europe, Factors Geography, Humans, Incidence, Infections, Meningococcal Neisseria New Sahara, Serotyping, South Time Zealand, meningitidis, of the As reviewed in this paper, meningococcal disease epidemiology varies substantially by geographic area and time. The disease can occur as sporadic cases, outbreaks, and large epidemics. Surveillance is crucial for understanding meningococcal disease epidemiology, as well as the need for and impact of vaccination. Despite limited data from some regions of the world and constant change, current meningococcal disease epidemiology can be summarized by region. By far the highest incidence of meningococcal disease occurs in the meningitis belt of {sub-Saharan} Africa. During epidemics, the incidence can approach 1000 per 100,000, or 1\% of the population. Serogroup A has been the most important serogroup in this region. However, serogroup C disease has also occurred, as has serogroup X disease and, most recently, serogroup W-135 disease. In the Americas, the reported incidence of disease, in the range of 0.3-4 cases per 100,000 population, is much lower than in the meningitis belt. In addition, in some countries such as the United States, the incidence is at an historical low. The bulk of the disease in the Americas is caused by serogroups C and B, although serogroup Y causes a substantial proportion of infections in some countries and W-135 is becoming increasingly problematic as well. The majority of meningococcal disease in European countries, which ranges in incidence from 0.2 to 14 cases per 100,000, is caused by serogroup B strains, particularly in countries that have introduced serogroup C meningococcal conjugate vaccines. Serogroup B also predominates in Australia and New Zealand, in Australia because of the control of serogroup C disease through vaccination and in New Zealand because of a serogroup B epidemic. Based on limited data, most disease in Asia is caused by serogroup A and C strains. Although this review summarizes the current status of meningococcal disease epidemiology, the dynamic nature of this disease requires ongoing surveillance both to provide data for vaccine formulation and vaccine policy and to monitor the impact of vaccines following introduction.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28c4e996650ff1b28abda28047f02d692/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Adolescent, Ancestry B, Child, Disease Group, Humans, Immunization Infant, Infections, Management Meningococcal Neisseria New Oceanic Outbreaks, Preschool, Programs, Risk Schedule, Serogroup Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/O&#039;Hallahan">Jane O&#039;Hallahan</a>, <a href="/author/McNicholas">Anne McNicholas</a>, <a href="/author/Galloway">Yvonne Galloway</a>, <a href="/author/O&#039;Leary">Eileen O&#039;Leary</a>, and <a href="/author/Roseveare">Christine Roseveare</a> </span><em>The New Zealand Medical Journal</em> <em>122(1291):48--59</em> (<em>2009</em>)<em>PMID: 19322255 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011The New Zealand Medical Journal{PMID:} 19322255129148--59Delivering a safe and effective strain-specific vaccine to control an epidemic of group B meningococcal disease1222009Adolescent, Ancestry B, Child, Disease Group, Humans, Immunization Infant, Infections, Management Meningococcal Neisseria New Oceanic Outbreaks, Preschool, Programs, Risk Schedule, Serogroup Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, In response to a devastating group B meningococcal disease epidemic in New Zealand, a case was prepared for new health funding and a new outer membrane vesicle vaccine, {MeNZB,} developed. Following clinical trials demonstrating satisfactory immunogenicity and safety profiles a national implementation strategy was prepared. {MeNZB} was introduced halfway through the 14th year of the epidemic with a campaign targeting children and young people aged under 20 years delivered over 2 years. By its completion in June 2006, the vaccine had been delivered to more than 1 million young people. All of the above steps were achieved within 5 years. This unique endeavour was possible due to a private/public partnership between the New Zealand Ministry of Health and Chiron Vaccines. This paper summarises the outcomes of this campaign including coverage levels achieved, evidence of vaccine effectiveness and safety, and the strategies used to manage key events and risks that emerged during the campaign.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/249bbe7d41a1b8f0e192307ce26ef35f0/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:0080 Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Assessment, B, Child, Confidence Disease Distribution, Factors, Female, Humans, Immunization Infant, Infections, Intervals, Male, Meningococcal Middle Neisseria New Outcome Poisson Postmarketing, Preschool, Product Programs, Progression, Prospective Risk Safety, Serogroup Studies, Surveillance, Treatment Vaccines, Zealand, and meningitidis, over, <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Kelly">Colleen Kelly</a>, <a href="/author/Arnold">Richard Arnold</a>, <a href="/author/Galloway">Yvonne Galloway</a>, and <a href="/author/O&#039;Hallahan">Jane O&#039;Hallahan</a> </span><em>American Journal of Epidemiology</em> <em>166(7):817--23</em> (<em>October 2007</em>)<em>PMID: 17615088 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011American Journal of Epidemiologyoct{PMID:} 176150887817--23A prospective study of the effectiveness of the New Zealand meningococcal B vaccine166200780 Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Assessment, B, Child, Confidence Disease Distribution, Factors, Female, Humans, Immunization Infant, Infections, Intervals, Male, Meningococcal Middle Neisseria New Outcome Poisson Postmarketing, Preschool, Product Programs, Progression, Prospective Risk Safety, Serogroup Studies, Surveillance, Treatment Vaccines, Zealand, and meningitidis, over, The effectiveness of a new group B strain-specific meningococcal vaccine referred to as {"MeNZB,"} developed by Chiron Vaccines {(Siena,} Italy) in collaboration with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, was assessed in a prospective observational study following a nationwide vaccination program in New Zealand. The vaccination program began in July 2004, and the study uses data from January 2001 to June 2006. A generalized estimating equation model was used to estimate vaccine effectiveness that included potential confounding variables, such as disease progression over time, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, seasonality, and geographic region. The model provides strong statistical evidence for a vaccine effect (p {\textless} 0.0001), with estimated disease rates 3.7 times higher in the unvaccinated group than in the vaccinated group (95\% confidence interval: 2.1, 6.8) and a vaccine effectiveness of 73\% (95\% confidence interval: 52, 85). An estimated 54 epidemic strain meningococcal cases were prevented in the 2 years since the vaccination program began (95\% confidence interval assuming a fixed population size: 22, 115). In a sensitivity analysis, these estimates proved to be robust to modeling assumptions, including population estimates, estimates of the numbers vaccinated, effects of partial vaccination, and temporal autocorrelation.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/23de51c4a20f0029f075cc206225138de/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Adolescent Adolescent, Adult, Advocacy, Child, Consumer Factors Factors, Health Health, Humans, Mexico, New Policy, Power Promotion, Public Risk Services, Socioeconomic {(Psychology),} <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Wallerstein">Nina Wallerstein</a> </span><em>Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. Supplement</em> (<em>2002</em>)<em>PMID: 12227969 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. Supplement{PMID:} 1222796972--77Empowerment to reduce health disparities592002Adolescent Adolescent, Adult, Advocacy, Child, Consumer Factors Factors, Health Health, Humans, Mexico, New Policy, Power Promotion, Public Risk Services, Socioeconomic {(Psychology),} This article articulates the theoretical construct of empowerment and its importance for health-enhancing strategies to reduce health disparities. Powerlessness is explored as a risk factor in the context of social determinants, such as poverty, discrimination, workplace hazards, and income inequities. Empowerment is presented and compared with social capital and community capacity as strategies to strengthen social protective factors. A case study of a youth empowerment and policy project in New Mexico illustrates the usefulness of empowerment strategies in both targeting social determinants, such as public policies which are detrimental to youth, and improving community capacities of youth to be advocates for social change. Challenges for future practice and research are articulated.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/29c2c1bfd2d1a57006d03244e338d252f/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Antibodies, B, Bacterial, Child, Humans, Infant, Infections, Meningococcal Neisseria New Pharmaceutical Preparations, Preschool, Safety Serogroup Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Oster"> Oster</a>, <a href="/author/O&#039;Hallahan">J O&#039;Hallahan</a>, <a href="/author/Aaberge">I Aaberge</a>, <a href="/author/Tilman">S Tilman</a>, <a href="/author/Ypma">E Ypma</a>, and <a href="/author/Martin">D Martin</a> </span><em>Vaccine</em> <em>25(16):3075--9</em> (<em>April 2007</em>)<em>PMID: 17289223 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011Vaccineapr{PMID:} 17289223163075--9Immunogenicity and safety of a strain-specific {MenB} {OMV} vaccine delivered to under 5-year olds in New Zealand252007Antibodies, B, Bacterial, Child, Humans, Infant, Infections, Meningococcal Neisseria New Pharmaceutical Preparations, Preschool, Safety Serogroup Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, To control the devastating group B meningococcal epidemic in New Zealand a strain-specific {OMV} vaccine {(MeNZB)} was extensively tested before vaccination of {\textgreater}1,000,000 people under 20 years. After the three-dose course 75\% of 6-8-month-old infants and 16-24-month-old toddlers showed four-fold increases in bactericidal antibodies. In 6-10-week-old infants a fourth dose was needed to obtain similar results. After primary vaccination, the antibody titre decline was most pronounced among the youngest but both young infants and toddlers showed a clear booster response to a fourth dose. {MeNZB} was safe and well tolerated. The comprehensive post-licensure safety surveillance revealed no safety concerns.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2307468924caa4e00ae74ee7690edb625/jeliasjelias2011-03-11T10:05:34+01:00Adolescent, Adult, Age Agents, Child, Distribution, Factors, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infections, Male, Meningococcal Neisseria New Newborn, Preschool, Prevention, Primary Risk Serotyping Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, {Anti-Bacterial} <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Baker">M G Baker</a>, <a href="/author/Martin">D R Martin</a>, <a href="/author/Kieft">C E Kieft</a>, and <a href="/author/Lennon">D Lennon</a> </span><em>Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health</em> <em>37(5):S13--19</em> (<em>October 2001</em>)<em>PMID: 11885731 . </em>Fri Mar 11 10:05:34 CET 2011Journal of Paediatrics and Child Healthoct{PMID:} 118857315S13--19A 10-year serogroup B meningococcal disease epidemic in New Zealand: descriptive epidemiology, 1991-2000372001Adolescent, Adult, Age Agents, Child, Distribution, Factors, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infections, Male, Meningococcal Neisseria New Newborn, Preschool, Prevention, Primary Risk Serotyping Vaccines, Zealand, meningitidis, {Anti-Bacterial} {OBJECTIVE:} New Zealand has experienced an epidemic of meningococcal disease since 1991. This paper describes the characteristics of this epidemic during its first 10 years (1991-2000), current control measures, and potential future interventions. {METHODOLOGY:} Meningococcal disease surveillance in New Zealand uses combined notification and laboratory data. Population census data from 1991 and 1996 were used to calculate disease rates. {RESULTS:} The annual incidence of meningococcal disease increased from 53 cases (1.6 per 100 000 population) in the pre-epidemic year of 1990 to a peak of 613 (16.9 per 100000) in 1997, followed by consistently raised rates. Over the 1996-2000 period, there was an average of 502 cases per year (13.9 per 100 000). The epidemic has resulted in 3547 cases since 1991 approximately 3000 in excess of the number expected based on pre-epidemic disease incidence. Of the total cases, 158 (4.5\%) were fatal. A disproportionately large number of cases have been in Maori and Pacific Islands children in the northern part of the North Island of New Zealand. Since 1991, the epidemic has increasingly been dominated by serogroup B meningococci with subtype P1.7b,4, which by 2000 accounted for 84.6\% of all cases for whom this testing was carried out. The majority of these organisms were characterised as {B:4:P1.7b,4.} {CONCLUSION:} Meningococcal disease rates are likely to remain elevated in New Zealand for at least several more years. A vaccine which could induce immunity to the P1.7b,4 {PorA} subtype may have a role in controlling this epidemic. Efforts are underway to obtain and trial such a vaccine. Measures are also underway to reduce overcrowded living conditions which are contributing to the epidemic. Early recognition and antibiotic treatment of cases improves outcomes and should continue to be promoted. Integrated notification and laboratory-based surveillance of meningococcal disease provides relatively complete surveillance of this disease in New Zealand and has supported the development of public health interventions.