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<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/" xmlns:burst="http://xmlns.com/burst/0.1/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/" xmlns:admin="http://webns.net/mvcb/" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:syn="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" xmlns:swrc="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#" xmlns:cc="http://web.resource.org/cc/"><channel rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"><title>BibSonomy publications for /tag/microworlds</title><link>BibSonomyburst/tag/microworlds</link><description>BibSonomy RSS feed for /tag/microworlds</description><dc:date>2012-02-15T21:51:14+01:00</dc:date><items><rdf:Seq><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25f91bd62babeb432f2931b90d2a85211/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/202ff78453de84c95d96ed37d7eb72bb6/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/260707521a0d0bd30310445c8b64d2a53/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24abeca4b3704f3e7700bc7a87abae497/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d406c064920092d6e61336dd5d80d026/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27714f8a6407d2c6fb89f5273502874b6/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/224490771b2cdaed75b12c9218ac9ec7b/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e138c22e90d326da25f54babf1e87ba8/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2eec581c8c1df985827fe97833f2923d8/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2a3a2c67d6cf3c9bee55d06c23338e717/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24165afea73c2c5e27dc8dc52d8103d83/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2672bb75d2de20a4417c82892cee86f6c/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/grahl"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c09aab658b886c1ee88d76518239450b/grahl"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2475d3a0207c7eda2df58217b33c02678/grahl"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2134bdbb76d57a80527dab3aa28343620/ergodique"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25ce4fb142c7f86df083e1f8249d1ceeb/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/23c3e97798e2d4aa0605a1f4807efba58/yish"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2862580dd5d0f75e48546320a25164fb5/yish"/></rdf:Seq></items></channel><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25f91bd62babeb432f2931b90d2a85211/yish"><title>Multimedia learning in games, simulations, and microworlds</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25f91bd62babeb432f2931b90d2a85211/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2010-10-17T00:44:30+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>constructionism design education games haifa-games-course learning microworlds simulation </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Rieber&#034;&gt;Lloyd P. Rieber&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning&lt;/em&gt;  (&lt;em&gt;2005&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/design"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/education"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/games"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/haifa-games-course"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/simulation"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25f91bd62babeb432f2931b90d2a85211/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/25f91bd62babeb432f2931b90d2a85211/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://it.coe.uga.edu/~lrieber/mayer2005/"/><swrc:date>Sun Oct 17 00:44:30 CEST 2010</swrc:date><swrc:journal>The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning</swrc:journal><swrc:pages>549-567</swrc:pages><swrc:title>Multimedia learning in games, simulations, and microworlds</swrc:title><swrc:year>2005</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>constructionism design education games haifa-games-course learning microworlds simulation </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>This chapter reviews and critiques the scientific evidence and research methods studying the use of games, simulations, and microworlds as multimedia learning tools.   This chapter focuses on interactive educational multimedia, which is distinguished from scripted forms of educational multimedia by the degree to which users participate in and control the multimedia software. This chapter also uses the distinction between explanation and experience to understand the unique design opportunities of interactive educational multimedia.   The strongest empirical evidence comes from the simulation literature, especially that related to questions about how to design a simulation’s interface to provide feedback and questions about students engaged in discovery learning activities. Microworld research is less empirically rigorous with evidence continuing to remain largely anecdotal based on implementation reports.   Research on gaming is the most transitory, ranging from early research on learning from playing games to learning from designing games.   Current debates among educational researchers about what constitutes scientific research are particularly relevant to anyone interested in research about interactive multimedia due to the increased use of qualitative research methodologies and the newly emerging trend toward design experiments.</swrc:abstract><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Lloyd P. Rieber"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/202ff78453de84c95d96ed37d7eb72bb6/yish"><title>Microworlds: transforming education</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/202ff78453de84c95d96ed37d7eb72bb6/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2010-07-26T20:05:41+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>mathgamespatterns microworlds </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Papert&#034;&gt;S. Papert&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Artificial intelligence and education; vol. 1: learning environments and tutoring systems, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ablex Publishing Corp., &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Norwood, NJ, USA, &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;1987&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/202ff78453de84c95d96ed37d7eb72bb6/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/202ff78453de84c95d96ed37d7eb72bb6/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#InCollection"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=55463.55467"/><swrc:date>Mon Jul 26 20:05:41 CEST 2010</swrc:date><swrc:address>Norwood, NJ, USA</swrc:address><swrc:booktitle>Artificial intelligence and education; vol. 1: learning environments and tutoring systems</swrc:booktitle><swrc:pages>79-94</swrc:pages><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="Ablex Publishing Corp."/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>Microworlds: transforming education</swrc:title><swrc:year>1987</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>mathgamespatterns microworlds </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="0893914398" swrc:key="isbn"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="S. Papert"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author><swrc:editor><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name=" and R. W. Lawler"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="M. Yazdani"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:editor></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/260707521a0d0bd30310445c8b64d2a53/yish"><title>Charting the microworld territory: the placing of theoretical signposts</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/260707521a0d0bd30310445c8b64d2a53/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2008-09-11T02:40:53+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>citesme constructionism mathematics microworlds narrative </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Healy&#034;&gt;Lulu Healy&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;presented at the Symposium on the Occasion of the 100th Anniversary of ICMI, Rome, 5–8 March 2008, &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;2008&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/citesme"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathematics"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/narrative"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/260707521a0d0bd30310445c8b64d2a53/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/260707521a0d0bd30310445c8b64d2a53/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#InCollection"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.unige.ch/math/EnsMath/Rome2008/WG4/Papers/HEALY.pdf"/><swrc:date>Thu Sep 11 02:40:53 CEST 2008</swrc:date><swrc:booktitle>presented at the Symposium on the Occasion of the 100th Anniversary of ICMI, Rome, 5–8 March 2008</swrc:booktitle><swrc:title>Charting the microworld territory: the placing of theoretical signposts</swrc:title><swrc:year>2008</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>citesme constructionism mathematics microworlds narrative </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>In this contribution, I intend to focus on the concept of computer microworlds for mathematics learning and, in particular, evolutions in the theoretical perspectives associated with this concept that have emerged within the ICMI community between two moments in its history: the dissemination of the microworld vision in Mindstorms (Papert, 1980) and Papert&#039;s plenary lecture at the 17th ICMI study conference, Digital technologies and mathematics teaching and learning: Rethinking the terrain, in December, 2006. Developing ideas about three issues in particular will be considered: reciprocal relationships between mathematical
infrastructures, technology and thinking; the omnipresence of the perceptuo-motor activity in mathematical thinking and learning; and the influence of innovative means of representational and communication on the affective as well as the cognitive dimension.
</swrc:abstract><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Lulu Healy"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24abeca4b3704f3e7700bc7a87abae497/yish"><title>Modelling Hyperbolic Space: Designing a Computational Context for Learning Non-Euclidean Geometry</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24abeca4b3704f3e7700bc7a87abae497/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2008-08-01T12:52:00+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>design designresearch geometry hyperbolic learning mathematics microworlds non-euclidean </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Stevenson&#034;&gt;Ian Stevenson&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;5(2):143--167&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;2000&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/design"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/designresearch"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/geometry"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/hyperbolic"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathematics"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/non-euclidean"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24abeca4b3704f3e7700bc7a87abae497/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/24abeca4b3704f3e7700bc7a87abae497/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.springerlink.com/content/q58554380v262rp2/"/><swrc:date>Fri Aug 01 12:52:00 CEST 2008</swrc:date><swrc:journal>International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning</swrc:journal><swrc:number>2</swrc:number><swrc:pages>143--167</swrc:pages><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="Springer"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>Modelling Hyperbolic Space: Designing a Computational Context for Learning Non-Euclidean Geometry</swrc:title><swrc:volume>5</swrc:volume><swrc:year>2000</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>design designresearch geometry hyperbolic learning mathematics microworlds non-euclidean </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>This paper describes and analyses the iterative design and development of a computational context for non-euclidean geometry. Drawing on three episodes from the design process, the paper discusses the epistemological implications associated with interplay between learning hyperbolic geometry and context in which that learning takes place. In particular, it explores the ways in which learners can become designers of the computational context, and the designer can become a learner. The paper concludes with a discussion of the microworld paradigm in relation to what might be called ‘advanced’ mathematics.</swrc:abstract><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Ian Stevenson"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d406c064920092d6e61336dd5d80d026/yish"><title>Programming-languages as a conceptual framework for teaching mathematics</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d406c064920092d6e61336dd5d80d026/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2008-05-30T05:54:46+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>constructionism history learning logo mathematics microworlds mythesis programming </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Feurzeig&#034;&gt;Wallace Feurzeig&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Papert&#034;&gt;Symour Papert&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Bloom&#034;&gt;M. Bloom&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Grant&#034;&gt;R. Grant&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Solomon&#034;&gt;C. Solomon&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;SIGCUE Outlook&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;4(2):13-17&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;1970&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/history"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/logo"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathematics"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mythesis"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/programming"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d406c064920092d6e61336dd5d80d026/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2d406c064920092d6e61336dd5d80d026/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=965754.965757"/><swrc:date>Fri May 30 05:54:46 CEST 2008</swrc:date><swrc:address>New York, NY</swrc:address><swrc:journal>SIGCUE Outlook</swrc:journal><swrc:number>2</swrc:number><swrc:pages>13-17</swrc:pages><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="ACM Press"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>Programming-languages as a conceptual framework for teaching mathematics</swrc:title><swrc:volume>4</swrc:volume><swrc:year>1970</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>constructionism history learning logo mathematics microworlds mythesis programming </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="0163-5735" swrc:key="issn"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="10.1145/965754.965757" swrc:key="doi"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Wallace Feurzeig"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Symour Papert"/></rdf:_2><rdf:_3><swrc:Person swrc:name="M. Bloom"/></rdf:_3><rdf:_4><swrc:Person swrc:name="R. Grant"/></rdf:_4><rdf:_5><swrc:Person swrc:name="C. Solomon"/></rdf:_5></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27714f8a6407d2c6fb89f5273502874b6/yish"><title>Mindstorms: Children, computers, and powerful ideas</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27714f8a6407d2c6fb89f5273502874b6/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2008-05-30T04:49:21+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>PlanetMakingStuffTogether constructionism debug education learning logo mathgamespatterns microworlds mythesis programming </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Papert&#034;&gt;Seymour Papert&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Basic Books, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;New York, NY, &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;January 1981&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/PlanetMakingStuffTogether"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/debug"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/education"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/logo"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mythesis"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/programming"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27714f8a6407d2c6fb89f5273502874b6/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/27714f8a6407d2c6fb89f5273502874b6/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Book"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/0465046274/citeulike04-21"/><swrc:date>Fri May 30 04:49:21 CEST 2008</swrc:date><swrc:address> New York, NY</swrc:address><swrc:howpublished>Paperback</swrc:howpublished><swrc:month>January</swrc:month><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="Basic Books"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>Mindstorms: Children, computers, and powerful ideas</swrc:title><swrc:year>1981</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>PlanetMakingStuffTogether constructionism debug education learning logo mathgamespatterns microworlds mythesis programming </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="0" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="0465046274" swrc:key="isbn"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="437204" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Seymour Papert"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/224490771b2cdaed75b12c9218ac9ec7b/yish"><title>Windows on Mathematical Meanings : Learning Cultures and Computers</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/224490771b2cdaed75b12c9218ac9ec7b/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2008-05-30T04:41:00+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>CiHB ILE KalDesignResearch PlanetMakingStuffTogether abstraction cerme6 constructionism contel11 ijceell06 ijtme2006 jls10 mathgamespatterns microworlds mythesis situated </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Noss&#034;&gt;Richard Noss&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Hoyles&#034;&gt;Celia Hoyles&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Kluwer Academic, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dordrecht, &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;June 1996&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/CiHB"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/ILE"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/KalDesignResearch"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/PlanetMakingStuffTogether"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/abstraction"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/cerme6"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/contel11"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/ijceell06"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/ijtme2006"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/jls10"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mythesis"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/situated"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/224490771b2cdaed75b12c9218ac9ec7b/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/224490771b2cdaed75b12c9218ac9ec7b/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Book"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/0792340736/citeulike04-21"/><swrc:date>Fri May 30 04:41:00 CEST 2008</swrc:date><swrc:address>Dordrecht</swrc:address><swrc:howpublished>Hardcover</swrc:howpublished><swrc:month>June</swrc:month><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="Kluwer Academic"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>Windows on Mathematical Meanings : Learning Cultures and Computers</swrc:title><swrc:year>1996</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>CiHB ILE KalDesignResearch PlanetMakingStuffTogether abstraction cerme6 constructionism contel11 ijceell06 ijtme2006 jls10 mathgamespatterns microworlds mythesis situated </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>{Why are mathematical ideas so hard? Is mathematics an  unassailable peak, which only the few can ever hope to conquer? Or can  mathematics be broadened to be accessible to the many? Noss and Hoyles  have written a book which challenges some of the conventional wisdoms  on the learning of mathematics. They use the computer as a window onto  mathematical meaning-making, drawing together the threads of their  individual and collaborative research over more than a decade. The  pivot of their theory is the idea of webbing, which explains how  someone struggling with a new mathematical idea can draw on supportive  knowledge, and reconciles the individual&#039;s role in mathematical  learning with the part played by epistemological, social and cultural  forces.}</swrc:abstract><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="2" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="0792340736" swrc:key="isbn"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="493437" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Richard Noss"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Celia Hoyles"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e138c22e90d326da25f54babf1e87ba8/yish"><title>Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at MIT, 1971-1972</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e138c22e90d326da25f54babf1e87ba8/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2008-05-30T04:27:56+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>MIT constructionism history logo microworlds mythesis </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Minsky&#034;&gt;Marvin Minsky&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Papert&#034;&gt;Seymour Papert&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;AIM-245. &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;1971&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/MIT"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/history"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/logo"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mythesis"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e138c22e90d326da25f54babf1e87ba8/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2e138c22e90d326da25f54babf1e87ba8/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#TechnicalReport"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/5840"/><swrc:date>Fri May 30 04:27:56 CEST 2008</swrc:date><swrc:number>AIM-245</swrc:number><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="MIT"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at MIT, 1971-1972</swrc:title><swrc:year>1971</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>MIT constructionism history logo microworlds mythesis </swrc:keywords><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Marvin Minsky"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Seymour Papert"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2eec581c8c1df985827fe97833f2923d8/yish"><title>Computer-Based Learning Environments in Mathematics</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2eec581c8c1df985827fe97833f2923d8/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2008-05-30T01:21:02+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>CnE07 ILE ai algebra arithmetic artificial calculus collaborative computation computers curriculum distance education geometrystatistics gmx intelligencemodeling learning mathematics mathgamespatterns microworlds mythesis proof review tel transposition </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Balacheff&#034;&gt;Nicolas Balacheff&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Kaput&#034;&gt;James J. Kaput&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;International Handbook of Mathematics Education, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Kluwer academic publishers, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dordrect, NL, &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;1996&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/CnE07"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/ILE"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/ai"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/algebra"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/arithmetic"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/artificial"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/calculus"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/collaborative"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/computation"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/computers"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/curriculum"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/distance"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/education"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/geometrystatistics"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/gmx"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/intelligencemodeling"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathematics"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mythesis"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/proof"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/review"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/tel"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/transposition"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2eec581c8c1df985827fe97833f2923d8/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2eec581c8c1df985827fe97833f2923d8/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#InCollection"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.simcalc.umassd.edu/downloads/internhandbook.pdf"/><swrc:date>Fri May 30 01:21:02 CEST 2008</swrc:date><swrc:address>Dordrect, NL</swrc:address><swrc:booktitle>International Handbook of Mathematics Education</swrc:booktitle><swrc:pages>469-504</swrc:pages><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="Kluwer academic publishers"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>Computer-Based Learning Environments in Mathematics</swrc:title><swrc:year>1996</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>CnE07 ILE ai algebra arithmetic artificial calculus collaborative computation computers curriculum distance education geometrystatistics gmx intelligencemodeling learning mathematics mathgamespatterns microworlds mythesis proof review tel transposition </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>Computer-Based Learning Environments in Mathematics
Nicolas Balacheff \&amp; James J. Kaput

This chapter attempts to set a perspective on where interactive technologies have taken us and where they seem to be headed. After briefly reviewing their impact in
different mathematical domains, including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, statistics, and calculus, we examine what we believe to be the sources of technology&#039;s power, which we feel is primarily epistemological. While technology&#039;s impact on daily practice has yet to match expectations from two or three decades ago, it&#039;s epistemological impact is deeper than expected. This impact is based in a reification of mathematical objects and relations that students can use to act more directly on these objects and relations than ever before. This new mathematical realism, when coupled with the fact that the computer becomes a new partner in the didactical contract, forces us to extend the didactical transposition of mathematics to a computational transposition. This new realism also drives ever deeper changes in the curriculum, and it challenges widely held assumptions about what mathematics is learnable by which students, and when they may learn it.
We also examine the limits of Artificial Intelligence and microworlds and how these may be changing. We close by considering the newer possibilities offered by the internet and its
dramatic impact on connections among learners, teachers, and the immense resources that are becoming available to both. Our conclusion is that we are very early in the technological
transformation and that we desperately need research in all aspects of teaching and learning with technology.</swrc:abstract><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="5" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="379347" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="page 21:

describe a game called &#034;parade&#034; which has many similarities with guess my graph. Students use a simulation environment to generate motion graphs, then exchange these with peers across the internet. The challange is to reproduce the graph generated by the other group." swrc:key="comment"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Nicolas Balacheff"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="James J. Kaput"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author><swrc:editor><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Alan J. Bishop"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Christine Keitel"/></rdf:_2><rdf:_3><swrc:Person swrc:name="Jeremy Kilpatrick"/></rdf:_3><rdf:_4><swrc:Person swrc:name="Colette Laborde"/></rdf:_4></rdf:Seq></swrc:editor></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2a3a2c67d6cf3c9bee55d06c23338e717/yish"><title>Microworlds/schoolworlds: The transformation of an innovation</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2a3a2c67d6cf3c9bee55d06c23338e717/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2007-05-23T12:17:10+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>constructionism learning microworlds school </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Hoyles&#034;&gt;Celia Hoyles&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Learning from Computers: Mathematics Education and Technology&lt;/em&gt;  (&lt;em&gt;1993&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/school"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2a3a2c67d6cf3c9bee55d06c23338e717/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2a3a2c67d6cf3c9bee55d06c23338e717/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.lkl.ac.uk/rnoss/MA/Readings/SchoolworldsMicroworlds.pdf"/><swrc:date>Wed May 23 12:17:10 CEST 2007</swrc:date><swrc:journal>Learning from Computers: Mathematics Education and Technology</swrc:journal><swrc:pages>1-17</swrc:pages><swrc:title>Microworlds/schoolworlds: The transformation of an innovation</swrc:title><swrc:year>1993</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>constructionism learning microworlds school </swrc:keywords><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Celia Hoyles"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author><swrc:editor><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Keitel C"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Ruthven Kenneth"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:editor></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24165afea73c2c5e27dc8dc52d8103d83/yish"><title>The Turtle&#039;s Long Slow Trip: Macro-Educological Perspectives on Microworlds</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24165afea73c2c5e27dc8dc52d8103d83/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2007-05-23T12:06:13+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>constructionism microworlds mythesis </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Papert&#034;&gt;Seymour Papert&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Journal of Educational Computing Research&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;27(1):7-27&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;2002&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mythesis"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24165afea73c2c5e27dc8dc52d8103d83/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/24165afea73c2c5e27dc8dc52d8103d83/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?id=xg11b72ejk04k8ta"/><swrc:date>Wed May 23 12:06:13 CEST 2007</swrc:date><swrc:journal>Journal of Educational Computing Research</swrc:journal><swrc:number>1</swrc:number><swrc:pages>7-27</swrc:pages><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="Baywood"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>The Turtle&#039;s Long Slow Trip: Macro-Educological Perspectives on Microworlds</swrc:title><swrc:volume>27</swrc:volume><swrc:year>2002</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>constructionism microworlds mythesis </swrc:keywords><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Seymour Papert"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2672bb75d2de20a4417c82892cee86f6c/yish"><title>Rethinking the Microworld Idea</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2672bb75d2de20a4417c82892cee86f6c/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2007-01-06T13:13:38+01:00</dc:date><dc:subject>abstraction cscl-2005 games learning mathgamespatterns microculture microworld microworlds mythesis platform playground situated superstructure tools toontalk </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Hoyles&#034;&gt;Celia Hoyles&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Noss&#034;&gt;Richard Noss&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Adamson&#034;&gt;Ross Adamson&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Journal of Educational Computing Research&lt;/em&gt;  (&lt;em&gt;2002&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/abstraction"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/cscl-2005"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/games"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microculture"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworld"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mythesis"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/platform"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/playground"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/situated"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/superstructure"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/tools"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/toontalk"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2672bb75d2de20a4417c82892cee86f6c/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2672bb75d2de20a4417c82892cee86f6c/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?id=u6x90m6hmu1qv36x"/><swrc:date>Sat Jan 06 13:13:38 CET 2007</swrc:date><swrc:journal>Journal of Educational Computing Research</swrc:journal><swrc:title>Rethinking the Microworld Idea</swrc:title><swrc:volume>27</swrc:volume><swrc:year>2002</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>abstraction cscl-2005 games learning mathgamespatterns microculture microworld microworlds mythesis platform playground situated superstructure tools toontalk </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>In this article we reflect on the meaning and evolution of the microworld idea. We point out a crucial distinction between user manipulation and modification at three distinct but mutually dependent levels--the interface, superstructural, and platform levels. We exploit a case study of two 8-year-old girls playing and rebuilding a simple video game, to argue for the importance of ease of interplay between these levels. We reflect on the ways in which newly-created alternatives to textual forms of representation are redefining the utility and power of microworlds, and offering advantages (as well as disadvantages) for mathematical learning in the sense of understanding inference and mechanism--how things work and why.</swrc:abstract><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="2" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="478798" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="Origins of Microworlds: &#034;Hoyles (1993) charts its evolution from an AI description of a simple and constrained aspect of the real world to part of a knowledge domain which is changing and growing and which has epistemological significance. Laurie Edwards&#039;s (1995) extensive review of microworlds similarly stresses knowledge as a central element, and makes a useful distinction between structural and functional views of the idea.&#034; (p 2)



Programming is problematic: &#034;Yet in the years since the microworld idea has taken hold, it is precisely this point - the idea of children programming computers - which has become so problematic. For one thing, there are practical objections - programming takes too much time in what is already a crowded mathematics curriculum; programming is too hard (for teachers as well as students); programming diverts attention from the underlying knowledge goals. If the last point is true then there clearly is no place for programming, at least within an explicitly educational setting (like school) where the objective is to learn mathematics, say - not programming.&#034; (p 4) 



Construction within bounderies: &#034;As researchers, let alone educators, we have to respect and constrain diversity.&#034; meaning, we need to find the delicate balance between providing too many opertunities for exploration and too few. 



Platform and superstructure: &#034;By platform, we mean the base level at which it is possible for users (rather than professional programmers) to interact. A platform would include high level programming languages but not for example machine code. In most cases, users interact with the platform because the designer expects them to do so. [...] Superstructure, on the other hand, describes the objects in the microworld and ways to manipulate them. [...] The point is that the kinds of interactions which usersÂ experience and the HCI tools they employ are a subject for the designer, and determine to a great extent what activities and experiences the user has as she interacts with the program. For most users with most software, there is only superstructure.&#034; 



Mode of interaction: &#034;There is therefore an interaction barrier: the things you have to do to gain a sense of the microworld&#039;s mechanism may be substantially different from the things you do within the microworld.&#034; 



Users expect to manipulate graphical or iconic interfaces, not code. &#034;Finding ways to break down this distinction may turn out to represent a significant advance for mathematical learning with digital technologies.&#034; 



Grain size: &#034;What is the appropriate grain size for objects and relationships at the superstructural level? What level of complexity is appropriate for users; how far, in other words, should be the distance between superstructural elements and the platform on which they are built?&#034; 





What is ToonTalk: &#034;The fundamental idea behind ToonTalk is that source code is animated. (ToonTalk is so named because one is &#034;talking&#034; in (car)toons.) This does not mean that it takes a visual programming language and replaces some static icons by animated icons. It means that animation is the means of communicating to both humans and computers the entire meaning of a program. Program sources are not static collections of text or even text and pictures, but are animated, tactile, enhanced with sound effects, and clearly physical. The programs of ToonTalk are encapsulated in the actions of robots which are trained by example to perform a role. The conditions, which determine subsequent performance of the actions at run time, can be generalised or specialised after the training has taken place. Details of how ToonTalk works, its design principles and some applications can be found at http://www.toontalk.com/&#034; - Behaviours, which can be transfered. 



Culture: &#034;Because of the culture we had developed in our classrooms of changing games, the girls began to think about how they could change the game. The simplest changes they could make involved changing colours and sizes of objects at the interface level.&#034; 



Me: Is the language you program in ever the language you talk about programming? Platform vs. Superstructure is a useful distinction, but not always so clear." swrc:key="comment"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Celia Hoyles"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Richard Noss"/></rdf:_2><rdf:_3><swrc:Person swrc:name="Ross Adamson"/></rdf:_3></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/grahl"><title>AI Application Programming Programming Series</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/grahl</link><dc:creator>grahl</dc:creator><dc:date>2006-10-23T17:25:28+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>AI history mathgamespatterns microworlds programming </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Jones&#034;&gt;Tim M. Jones&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Charles River Media, &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;March 2003&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/AI"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/history"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/programming"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/grahl"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/grahl"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Book"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/1584502789/citeulike04-21"/><swrc:date>Mon Oct 23 17:25:28 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:howpublished>Paperback</swrc:howpublished><swrc:month>March</swrc:month><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="{Charles River Media}"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>AI Application Programming (Programming Series)</swrc:title><swrc:year>2003</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>AI history mathgamespatterns microworlds programming </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>{ In the second edition of this bestseller, the author continues to demystify the techniques associated with the field of artificial intelligence. It covers a wide variety of techniques currently defined as ?AI? and shows how they can be useful in practical, everyday applications. AI Application Programming covers both the theory and the practical applications to teach developers how to apply AI techniques in their own designs. Each chapter covers both the theory of the algorithm or the technique under discussion followed by a practical application of the technique with a detailed discussion of the source code. }</swrc:abstract><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="2" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="1584502789" swrc:key="isbn"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="511479" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="Microworlds: Ch1, p 5:



&#034;1960s—The Rise of AI



In the 1960s, an expansion of AI occurred due to advancements in computer

technology and an increasing number of researchers focusing on the area.

Perhaps the greatest indicator that AI had reached a level of acceptability was

the emergence of critics. Two books written during this period included Mortimer

Taube’s Computers and Common Sense: The Myth of Thinking Machines,

and Hubert and Stuart Dreyfus’s Alchemy and AI (RAND corporation study).

Knowledge representation was a strong theme during the 1960s, as strong

AI continued to be a primary theme in AI research. Toy worlds were built,

such as Minsky and Papert’s “Blocks Microworld Project” at MIT and Terry

Winograd’s SHRDLU to provide small confined environments to test ideas

on computer vision, robotics, and natural language processing.

John McCarthy founded Stanford University’s AI Laboratory in the early

1960s, which, among other things, resulted in the mobile robot Shakey that

could navigate a block world and follow simple instructions.&#034;" swrc:key="comment"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Tim M. Jones"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c09aab658b886c1ee88d76518239450b/grahl"><title>Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at MIT, 1970-1971 AIM-185</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c09aab658b886c1ee88d76518239450b/grahl</link><dc:creator>grahl</dc:creator><dc:date>2006-10-23T17:25:28+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>AI historical history mathgamespatterns memos microworlds mit narrative </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Minsky&#034;&gt;Marvin Minsky&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Papert&#034;&gt;Seymour Papert&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(&lt;em&gt;December 1970&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/AI"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/historical"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/history"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/memos"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mit"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/narrative"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c09aab658b886c1ee88d76518239450b/grahl"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2c09aab658b886c1ee88d76518239450b/grahl"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#TechnicalReport"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/5866"/><swrc:date>Mon Oct 23 17:25:28 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:month>December</swrc:month><swrc:title>Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at MIT, 1970-1971 (AIM-185)</swrc:title><swrc:year>1970</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>AI historical history mathgamespatterns memos microworlds mit narrative </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>The MIT Artificial Intelligence Project has a variety of goals all bound together by search for principles of intelligent behavior. Among our immediate goals are to develop systems with practical applications for: Visually-controlled automatic manipulation and physical world problem-solving, machine understanding of natural language text and narrative, and advanced applied mathematics. The long-range goals are concerned with simplifying, unifying and extending the techniques of heuristic programming. We expect the results of our work to: make it easier to write and debug large heuristic programs, develop packaged collections of knowledge about many different kinds of things, lending to programs with more resourcefulness, understanding and common sense&#034;, and identify and sharpen certain principles for programming intelligence.</swrc:abstract><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="2" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="511473" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="good historical reference on the origin of the micro-world concept in AI. The idea is to create a limited world that would be small enough to manage for an experimental artificial agent to cope with, but rich enough to provide meaningfull &#034;knowledge&#034;. The example discussed is in the domain of understanding narrative. The problem is to draw a line around the minimal body of knowledge needed to understand a childrens&#039; story." swrc:key="comment"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Marvin Minsky"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Seymour Papert"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2475d3a0207c7eda2df58217b33c02678/grahl"><title>Computer-Based Learning Environments in Mathematics</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2475d3a0207c7eda2df58217b33c02678/grahl</link><dc:creator>grahl</dc:creator><dc:date>2006-10-23T17:25:28+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>AI ILE algebra arithmetic calculus collaborative-filtering computation computer curriculum distance education geometrystatistics gmx intelligencemodeling learning mathematics mathgamespatterns microworlds proof review tel transposition </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Balacheff&#034;&gt;Nicolas Balacheff&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Kaput&#034;&gt;James J. Kaput&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(&lt;em&gt;1996&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/AI"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/ILE"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/algebra"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/arithmetic"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/calculus"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/collaborative-filtering"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/computation"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/computer"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/curriculum"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/distance"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/education"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/geometrystatistics"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/gmx"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/intelligencemodeling"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathematics"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/proof"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/review"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/tel"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/transposition"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2475d3a0207c7eda2df58217b33c02678/grahl"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2475d3a0207c7eda2df58217b33c02678/grahl"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#InBook"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.simcalc.umassd.edu/downloads/InternHandbook.pdf"/><swrc:date>Mon Oct 23 17:25:28 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:booktitle>International Handbook of Mathematics Education</swrc:booktitle><swrc:title>Computer-Based Learning Environments in Mathematics</swrc:title><swrc:year>1996</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>AI ILE algebra arithmetic calculus collaborative-filtering computation computer curriculum distance education geometrystatistics gmx intelligencemodeling learning mathematics mathgamespatterns microworlds proof review tel transposition </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>Computer-Based Learning Environments in Mathematics
Nicolas Balacheff \&amp; James J. Kaput

This chapter attempts to set a perspective on where interactive technologies have taken us and where they seem to be headed. After briefly reviewing their impact in
different mathematical domains, including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, statistics, and calculus, we examine what we believe to be the sources of technology&#039;s power, which we feel is primarily epistemological. While technology&#039;s impact on daily practice has yet to match expectations from two or three decades ago, it&#039;s epistemological impact is deeper than expected. This impact is based in a reification of mathematical objects and relations that students can use to act more directly on these objects and relations than ever before. This new mathematical realism, when coupled with the fact that the computer becomes a new partner in the didactical contract, forces us to extend the didactical transposition of mathematics to a computational transposition. This new realism also drives ever deeper changes in the curriculum, and it challenges widely held assumptions about what mathematics is learnable by which students, and when they may learn it.
We also examine the limits of Artificial Intelligence and microworlds and how these may be changing. We close by considering the newer possibilities offered by the internet and its
dramatic impact on connections among learners, teachers, and the immense resources that are becoming available to both. Our conclusion is that we are very early in the technological
transformation and that we desperately need research in all aspects of teaching and learning with technology.</swrc:abstract><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="5" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="379347" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="page 21:

describe a game called &#034;parade&#034; which has many similarities with guess my graph. Students use a simulation environment to generate motion graphs, then exchange these with peers across the internet. The challange is to reproduce the graph generated by the other group." swrc:key="comment"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Nicolas Balacheff"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="James J. Kaput"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/yish"><title>AI Application Programming Programming Series</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2006-06-05T02:47:21+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>mathgamespatterns intelligence programming ai history microworlds artificial </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Jones&#034;&gt;Tim M. Jones&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Charles River Media, &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;March 2003&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/mathgamespatterns"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/intelligence"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/programming"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/ai"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/history"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/artificial"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/217a4c76a108b2c2f05d74527ee191580/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Book"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/1584502789/citeulike04-21"/><swrc:date>Mon Jun 05 02:47:21 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:howpublished>Paperback</swrc:howpublished><swrc:month>March</swrc:month><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="{Charles River Media}"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>AI Application Programming (Programming Series)</swrc:title><swrc:year>2003</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>mathgamespatterns intelligence programming ai history microworlds artificial </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>{ In the second edition of this bestseller, the author continues to demystify the techniques associated with the field of artificial intelligence. It covers a wide variety of techniques currently defined as ?AI? and shows how they can be useful in practical, everyday applications. AI Application Programming covers both the theory and the practical applications to teach developers how to apply AI techniques in their own designs. Each chapter covers both the theory of the algorithm or the technique under discussion followed by a practical application of the technique with a detailed discussion of the source code. }</swrc:abstract><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="2" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="1584502789" swrc:key="isbn"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="511479" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="Microworlds: Ch1, p 5:



&#034;1960s—The Rise of AI



In the 1960s, an expansion of AI occurred due to advancements in computer

technology and an increasing number of researchers focusing on the area.

Perhaps the greatest indicator that AI had reached a level of acceptability was

the emergence of critics. Two books written during this period included Mortimer

Taube’s Computers and Common Sense: The Myth of Thinking Machines,

and Hubert and Stuart Dreyfus’s Alchemy and AI (RAND corporation study).

Knowledge representation was a strong theme during the 1960s, as strong

AI continued to be a primary theme in AI research. Toy worlds were built,

such as Minsky and Papert’s “Blocks Microworld Project” at MIT and Terry

Winograd’s SHRDLU to provide small confined environments to test ideas

on computer vision, robotics, and natural language processing.

John McCarthy founded Stanford University’s AI Laboratory in the early

1960s, which, among other things, resulted in the mobile robot Shakey that

could navigate a block world and follow simple instructions.&#034;" swrc:key="comment"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Tim M. Jones"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2134bdbb76d57a80527dab3aa28343620/ergodique"><title>Children&#039;s Collaboration Styles in a Newtonian Microworld.</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2134bdbb76d57a80527dab3aa28343620/ergodique</link><dc:creator>ergodique</dc:creator><dc:date>2006-04-01T18:21:44+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>learning constructionism physics microworlds collaboration </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Cockburn&#034;&gt;Andy Cockburn&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Greenberg&#034;&gt;Saul Greenberg&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;CHI Conference Companion, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;page 181-182. &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;1996&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/learning"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/constructionism"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/physics"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/collaboration"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2134bdbb76d57a80527dab3aa28343620/ergodique"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2134bdbb76d57a80527dab3aa28343620/ergodique"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#InProceedings"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/chi/chiC96.html#CockburnG96"/><swrc:date>Sat Apr 01 18:21:44 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:booktitle>CHI Conference Companion</swrc:booktitle><swrc:pages>181-182</swrc:pages><swrc:title>Children&#039;s Collaboration Styles in a Newtonian Microworld.</swrc:title><swrc:year>1996</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>learning constructionism physics microworlds collaboration </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/257089.257247" swrc:key="ee"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Andy Cockburn"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Saul Greenberg"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></burst:publication></item><item rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25ce4fb142c7f86df083e1f8249d1ceeb/yish"><title>Belief revision in a microworld.</title><link>http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25ce4fb142c7f86df083e1f8249d1ceeb/yish</link><dc:creator>yish</dc:creator><dc:date>2006-04-01T16:09:20+02:00</dc:date><dc:subject>microworlds </dc:subject><content:encoded>&lt;span class=&#034;authorEditorList&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;/author/Foo&#034;&gt;Norman Y. Foo&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&#034;/author/Rao&#034;&gt;Anand S. Rao&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ann. Math. Artif. Intell.&lt;/em&gt;  (&lt;em&gt;1991&lt;/em&gt;)</content:encoded><taxo:topics><rdf:Bag><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/tag/microworlds"/></rdf:Bag></taxo:topics><burst:publication><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25ce4fb142c7f86df083e1f8249d1ceeb/yish"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/25ce4fb142c7f86df083e1f8249d1ceeb/yish"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/amai/amai4.html#FooR91"/><swrc:date>Sat Apr 01 16:09:20 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:journal>Ann. Math. Artif. 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