BibSonomyburst/user/pseitiBibSonomy RSS feed for /user/pseiti2012-02-15T06:22:09+01:00http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f480ef737895d48673e051f98977d77c/pseitipseiti2012-02-14T09:59:19+01:00recommender review tagging <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Jäschke">Robert Jäschke</a>, <a href="/author/Marinho">Leandro Marinho</a>, <a href="/author/Hotho">Andreas Hotho</a>, <a href="/author/Lars">Schmidt-Thie Lars</a>, and <a href="/author/Gerd">Stum Gerd</a> </span><em>AI Commun.</em> (<em>December 2008</em>)Tue Feb 14 09:59:19 CET 2012Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The NetherlandsAI Commun.December231--247Tag recommendations in social bookmarking systems212008recommender review tagging Collaborative tagging systems allow users to assign keywords - so called &ldquo;tags&rdquo; - to resources. Tags are used for navigation, finding resources and serendipitous browsing and thus provide an immediate benefit for users. These systems usually include tag recommendation mechanisms easing the process of finding good tags for a resource, but also consolidating the tag vocabulary across users. In practice, however, only very basic recommendation strategies are applied.</p> <p>In this paper we evaluate and compare several recommendation algorithms on large-scale real life datasets: an adaptation of user-based collaborative filtering, a graph-based recommender built on top of the FolkRank algorithm, and simple methods based on counting tag occurrences. We show that both FolkRank and collaborative filtering provide better results than non-personalized baseline methods. Moreover, since methods based on counting tag occurrences are computationally cheap, and thus usually preferable for real time scenarios, we discuss simple approaches for improving the performance of such methods. We show, how a simple recommender based on counting tags from users and resources can perform almost as good as the best recommender.Tag recommendations in social bookmarking systemshttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27cbc93200945303e1415b320ac7b3715/pseitipseiti2012-02-14T09:54:54+01:00recommender review tagging <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Gupta">Manish Gupta</a>, <a href="/author/Li">Rui Li</a>, <a href="/author/Yin">Zhijun Yin</a>, and <a href="/author/Han">Jiawei Han</a> </span><em>SIGKDD Explor. Newsl.</em> (<em>November 2010</em>)Tue Feb 14 09:54:54 CET 2012New York, NY, USASIGKDD Explor. Newsl.November58--72Survey on social tagging techniques122010recommender review tagging Social tagging on online portals has become a trend now. It has emerged as one of the best ways of associating metadata with web objects. With the increase in the kinds of web objects becoming available, collaborative tagging of such objects is also developing along new dimensions. This popularity has led to a vast literature on social tagging. In this survey paper, we would like to summarize different techniques employed to study various aspects of tagging. Broadly, we would discuss about properties of tag streams, tagging models, tag semantics, generating recommendations using tags, visualizations of tags, applications of tags and problems associated with tagging usage. We would discuss topics like why people tag, what influences the choice of tags, how to model the tagging process, kinds of tags, different power laws observed in tagging domain, how tags are created, how to choose the right tags for recommendation, etc. We conclude with thoughts on future work in the area.Survey on social tagging techniqueshttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2fc9da3430f9edba01f72f83cb2ccf808/pseitipseiti2011-11-22T20:14:27+01:00Diss clouds experiment3 perceptual_features tagging <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Bateman">Scott Bateman</a>, <a href="/author/Gutwin">Carl Gutwin</a>, and <a href="/author/Nacenta">Miguel Nacenta</a> </span><em>Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia, </em><em>page 193--202. </em><em>New York, NY, USA, </em><em>ACM, </em>(<em>2008</em>)Tue Nov 22 20:14:27 CET 2011New York, NY, USAProceedings of the nineteenth ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia193--202HT '08Seeing things in the clouds: the effect of visual features on tag cloud selections2008Diss clouds experiment3 perceptual_features tagging Tag clouds are a popular method for visualizing and linking socially-organized information on websites. Tag clouds represent variables of interest (such as popularity) in the visual appearance of the keywords themselves - using text properties such as font size, weight, or colour. Although tag clouds are becoming common, there is still little information about which visual features of tags draw the attention of viewers. As tag clouds attempt to represent a wider range of variables with a wider range of visual properties, it becomes difficult to predict what will appear visually important to a viewer. To investigate this issue, we carried out an exploratory study that asked users to select tags from clouds that manipulated nine visual properties. Our results show that font size and font weight have stronger effects than intensity, number of characters, or tag area; but when several visual properties are manipulated at once, there is no one property that stands out above the others. This study adds to the understanding of how visual properties of text capture the attention of users, indicates general guidelines for designers of tag clouds, and provides a study paradigm and starting points for future studies. In addition, our findings may be applied more generally to the visual presentation of textual hyperlinks as a way to provide more information to web navigators.Seeing things in the cloudshttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2582641c05e7a0b9396945a951822c83f/pseitipseiti2011-11-14T16:51:25+01:00chi imitation tagging <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Sen">Shilad Sen</a>, <a href="/author/Lam">Shyong K. Lam</a>, <a href="/author/Rashid">Al Mamunur Rashid</a>, <a href="/author/Cosley">Dan Cosley</a>, <a href="/author/Frankowski">Dan Frankowski</a>, <a href="/author/Osterhouse">Jeremy Osterhouse</a>, <a href="/author/Harper">F. Maxwell Harper</a>, and <a href="/author/Riedl">John Riedl</a> </span><em>CSCW &#039;06: Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work, </em><em>page 181--190. </em><em>New York, NY, USA, </em><em>ACM, </em>(<em>2006</em>)Mon Nov 14 16:51:25 CET 2011New York, NY, USACSCW '06: Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work181--190tagging, communities, vocabulary, evolution2006chi imitation tagging A tagging community's vocabulary of tags forms the basis for social navigation and shared expression.We present a user-centric model of vocabulary evolution in tagging communities based on community influence and personal tendency. We evaluate our model in an emergent tagging system by introducing tagging features into the MovieLens recommender system.We explore four tag selection algorithms for displaying tags applied by other community members. We analyze the algorithms 'effect on vocabulary evolution, tag utility, tag adoption, and user satisfaction.tagging, communities, vocabulary, evolutionhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21f588048d07374195605bdc54e9cdf2b/pseitipseiti2011-10-17T10:08:45+02:00memory multinomial_model research_method review <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Batchelder">W H Batchelder</a>, and <a href="/author/Riefer">D M Riefer</a> </span><em>Psychon Bull Rev</em> <em>6(1):57-86</em> (<em>March 1999</em>)Mon Oct 17 10:08:45 CEST 2011Psychon Bull Revmar157-86Theoretical and empirical review of multinomial process tree modeling61999memory multinomial_model research_method review We review a current and popular class of cognitive models called multinomial processing tree (MPT) models. MPT models are simple, substantively motivated statistical models that can be applied to categorical data. They are useful as data-analysis tools for measuring underlying or latent cognitive capacities and as simple models for representing and testing competing psychological theories. We formally describe the cognitive structure and parametric properties of the class of MPT models and provide an inferential statistical analysis for the entire class. Following this, we provide a comprehensive review of over 80 applications of MPT models to a variety of substantive areas in cognitive psychology, including various types of human memory, visual and auditory perception, and logical reasoning. We then address a number of theoretical issues relevant to the creation and evaluation of MPT models, including model development, model validity, discrete-state assumptions, statistical issues, and the relation between MPT models and other mathematical models. In the conclusion, we consider the current role of MPT models in psychological research and possible future directions.Theoretical and empirical review of multino... [Psychon Bull Rev. 1999] - PubMed - NCBIhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f05715f1865d23a031a8679247db7ba6/pseitipseiti2011-10-17T10:02:46+02:00diss dual-process memory <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Yonelinas">A. P. Yonelinas</a> </span><em>Journal of Memory and Language</em> (<em>2002</em>)Mon Oct 17 10:02:46 CEST 2011Journal of Memory and Language441-517The Nature of Recollection and Familiarity: A Review of 30 Years of Research462002diss dual-process memory CCNLab BibTeXhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/26b8abb4c14fde6cdc59a94aeebbe72fa/pseitipseiti2011-07-24T23:30:33+02:00PIER2 REM dual-process fuzzy-trace markov memory <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Brainerd">C.J. Brainerd</a>, and <a href="/author/Reyna">V.F. Reyna</a> </span><em>Journal of Memory and Language</em> <em>63(3):425 - 445</em> (<em>2010</em>)Sun Jul 24 23:30:33 CEST 2011Journal of Memory and Language3425 - 445Recollective and nonrecollective recall632010PIER2 REM dual-process fuzzy-trace markov memory The study of recollective and nonrecollective retrieval has become controversial, owing to several critiques of traditional recognition-based measurement (e.g., remember/know, ROC, process dissociation). We present a new methodology in which subjects merely study and recall lists, using any standard paradigm (associative, cued, free, or serial recall), the data are analyzed with a Markov model whose parameters measure recollective and nonrecollective retrieval, and the model's fit is compared to that of one-process models. The power of this approach is illustrated in some experiments that dealt with two classic questions: (a) What are the process-level differences between associative and free recall, and (b) why does taxonomic organization improve free recall but impair associative recall? Fit results showed that a dual-retrieval model is both necessary and sufficient to account for associative and free recall data, in contrast to the sufficient-but-not-necessary pattern that prevails in the recognition literature. Key substantive findings were that associative recall is more reliant on recollective retrieval and less reliant on nonrecollective retrieval than free recall, that taxonomic organization impairs recollective retrieval in both paradigms, and that taxonomic organization enhances the reconstruction component of nonrecollective retrieval in free recall.ScienceDirect - Journal of Memory and Language : Recollective and nonrecollective recallhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21fbf1fbaa14cf7d44ce6563d9040baa9/pseitipseiti2011-07-24T23:23:37+02:00dual-process fuzzy-trace memory <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Brainerd">C. J. Brainerd</a>, and <a href="/author/Reyna">V. F. Reyna</a> </span><em>Developmental Review</em> (<em>1990</em>)Sun Jul 24 23:23:37 CEST 2011Developmental Review3-47Gist is the grist: Fuzzy-trace theory and the new intuitionism101990dual-process fuzzy-trace memory CCNLab BibTeXhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2bd0ee703e14d16c649f466a154aee53a/pseitipseiti2011-07-02T23:36:55+02:00conscious-unconscious memory multinomial_model recall recognition <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Bellezza">F.S. Bellezza</a> </span><em>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition</em> <em>29(5):779-796</em> (<em>2003</em>)Sat Jul 02 23:36:55 CEST 2011Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition5779-796Evaluation of Six Multinomial Models of Conscious and Unconscious Process With the Recall-Recognition Paradigm292003conscious-unconscious memory multinomial_model recall recognition Six multinomial processing-tree models (W. H. Batchelder & D. M. Riefer, 1999), which include parameters representing conscious and unconscious memory processes, were tested using the recall– recognition paradigm. Data from 2 experiments were fit equally well by 3 of the 6 models. One model was an extension of the generate–recognize model (L. L. Jacoby, 1998), and another was an extension of the non-high-threshold model (D. M. McBride & B. A. Dosher, 1999). The 3rd model was the source evaluation model (D. M. McBride & B. A. Dosher, 1999). Values of the parameters of 2 of these 3 models, excepting the non-high-threshold model, responded to experimental manipulations in accordance with the meaning of the parameters. The equivalence of models with regard to goodness-of-fit tests is discussed as is how experiments can be designed to demonstrate the superiority of one model over another. The potential usefulness of these models in the study of amnesia is considered.Evaluation of six multinomial models of conscious ... [J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2003] - PubMed resulthttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28b977f9b015599bb2ca5aa2972825e5d/pseitipseiti2011-06-15T11:21:36+02:00implicit_explicit memory <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Narens">Louis Narens</a>, <a href="/author/Graf">Aurora Graf</a>, and <a href="/author/Nelson">Thomas O. Nelson</a> </span><em>Implicit memory and metacognition, </em><em>Routledge, </em>(<em>1996</em>)Wed Jun 15 11:21:36 CEST 2011Implicit memory and metacognition137-170Metacognitive Aspects of Implicit/Explicit Memory1996implicit_explicit memory http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28e8915b43ffe82b568eb058ddc2fc1cd/pseitipseiti2011-05-31T10:00:55+02:00LASS conceptual_research lexical-semantics memory situated_simulation word_associations <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Santos">A. Santos</a>, <a href="/author/Chaigneau">S.E. Chaigneau</a>, <a href="/author/Simmons">W.K. Simmons</a>, and <a href="/author/Barsalou">L.W. Barsalou</a> </span><em>Language and Cognition</em> (<em>2011</em>)Tue May 31 10:00:55 CEST 2011Language and Cognition83-119Property generation reflects word association and situated simulation32011LASS conceptual_research lexical-semantics memory situated_simulation word_associations The property generation task (i.e. “feature listing”) is often assumed to measure concepts. Typically, researchers assume implicitly that the underlying representation of a concept consists of amodal propositions, and that verbal responses during property generation reveal their conceptual content. The experiments reported here suggest instead that verbal responses during property generation reflect two alternative sources of information: the linguistic form system and the situated simulation system. In two experiments, properties bearing a linguistic relation to the word for a concept were produced earlier than properties not bearing a linguistic relation, suggesting the early properties tend to originate in a word association process. Conversely, properties produced later tended to describe objects and situations, suggesting that late properties tend to originate from describing situated simulations. A companion neuroimaging experiment reported elsewhere confirms that early properties originate in language areas, whereas later properties originate in situated simulation areas. Together, these results, along with other results in the literature, indicate that property generation is a relatively complex process, drawing on at least two systems somewhat asynchronously.Santos_et-al-Lang&Cognition_2011-LASS.pdf (application/pdf-Objekt)http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d8f87b6600cbb5ceb443989ad3078166/pseitipseiti2011-05-17T17:56:14+02:00ACT-R categorization conceptual_research exemplars hybrid_model memory rules <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Anderson">John Anderson</a>, and <a href="/author/Betz">Jonathan Betz</a> </span><em>Psychonomic Bulletin &amp;amp; Review</em> (<em>2001</em>)Tue May 17 17:56:14 CEST 2011Psychonomic Bulletin &amp; Review629-647A hybrid model of categorization82001ACT-R categorization conceptual_research exemplars hybrid_model memory rules Category learning is often modeled as either an exemplar-based or a rule-based process. This paper shows that both strategies can be combined in a cognitive architecture that was developed to model other task domains. Variations on the exemplar-based random walk (EBRW) model of Nosofsky and Palmeri (1997b) and the rule-plus-exception (RULEX) rule-based model of Nosofsky, Palmeri, and McKinley (1994) were implemented in the ACT-R cognitive architecture. The architecture allows the two strategies to be mixed to produce classification behavior. The combined system reproduces latency, learning, and generalization data from three category-learning experiments—Nosofsky and Palmeri (1997b), Nosofsky et al., and Erickson and Kruschke (1998). It is concluded that EBRW and ACT-R have different but equivalent means of incorporating similarity and practice. In addition, ACT-R brings a theory of strategy selection that enables the exemplar and the rule-based strategies to be mixed.SpringerLink - Psychonomic Bulletin http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27ed6c56437e6fdf7e20769e7c517ecac/pseitipseiti2011-04-06T11:29:17+02:00ASA FSA associative_network lexical_semantic lexical_system semantic_automatic_processing <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Dien">Joseph Dien</a>, and <a href="/author/O&#039;Hare">Aminda J. O&#039;Hare</a> </span><em>Brain Research</em> (<em>2008</em>)Wed Apr 06 11:29:17 CEST 2011Brain Research134 - 145Evidence for automatic sentence priming in the fusiform semantic area: Convergent ERP and fMRI findings12432008ASA FSA associative_network lexical_semantic lexical_system semantic_automatic_processing Event-related potential (ERP) studies of semantic processing have generally focused on the N400, a component that peaks at about 400 ms in response to words and which is larger when words are incongruent with the preceding sentence context. An earlier left-lateralized posterior N2p3 has also been found to be correlated with an "unexpectedness" rating for incongruent sentence endings [Dien, Frishkoff, Cerbone, and Tucker, 2003, Parametric analysis of event-related potentials in semantic comprehension: evidence for parallel brain mechanisms, Cognitive Brain Research, 15: 137-153]. Because the incongruent endings were too odd to be explicitly predicted, we here hypothesize that this rating, and hence the N2p3, reflects the degree of automatic spreading activation (ASA) in the visual lexical network rather than semantic expectancy, an interpretation also consistent with the early latency of this ERP (208 ms). In order to identify the brain systems involved in these linguistic processes, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was utilized in a replication of the ERP study [Dien, Frishkoff, Cerbone, and Tucker, 2003, Parametric analysis of event-related potentials in semantic comprehension: evidence for parallel brain mechanisms, Cognitive Brain Research, 15: 137-153]. We found that activation in the fusiform semantic area (FSA), an area that converges with the source solution for the N2p3, responded to the "unexpectedness" parameter in the same manner as the N2p3 component. These findings suggest that the FSA helps mediate ASA processes and that the N2p3 can serve as an index of ASA. Furthermore, cloze effects were found in the superior frontal gyrus and the inferior frontal gyrus that could reflect subvocalization and semantic selection processes respectively.ScienceDirect - Brain Research : Evidence for automatic sentence priming in the fusiform semantic area: Convergent ERP and fMRI findingshttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2da53a5a9ca7064ab72b6626873fc3b62/pseitipseiti2011-04-02T23:52:11+02:00cognitive_models semantic_imitation tagging topic_inference <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Fu">Wai-Tat Fu</a>, <a href="/author/Kannampallil">Thomas Kannampallil</a>, <a href="/author/Kang">Ruogu Kang</a>, and <a href="/author/He">Jibo He</a> </span><em>ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.</em> (<em>July 2010</em>)Sat Apr 02 23:52:11 CEST 2011New York, NY, USAACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.July12:1--12:37Semantic imitation in social tagging172010cognitive_models semantic_imitation tagging topic_inference We present a semantic imitation model of social tagging and exploratory search based on theories of cognitive science. The model assumes that social tags evoke a spontaneous <i>tag-based topic inference</i> process that primes the semantic interpretation of resource contents during exploratory search, and the semantic priming of existing tags in turn influences future tag choices. The model predicts that (1) users who can see tags created by others tend to create tags that are semantically similar to these existing tags, demonstrating the social influence of tag choices; and (2) users who have similar information goals tend to create tags that are semantically similar, but this effect is mediated by the semantic representation and interpretation of social tags. Results from the experiment comparing tagging behavior between a social group (where participants can see tags created by others) and a nominal group (where participants cannot see tags created by others) confirmed these predictions. The current results highlight the critical role of human semantic representations and interpretation processes in the analysis of large-scale social information systems. The model implies that analysis at both the individual and social levels are important for understanding the active, dynamic processes between human knowledge structures and external folksonomies. Implications on how social tagging systems can facilitate exploratory search, interactive information retrievals, knowledge exchange, and other higher-level cognitive and learning activities are discussed.Semantic imitation in social tagginghttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28222c097df514581e6b0db4edefed274/pseitipseiti2011-04-01T10:29:57+02:00memory semantic_automatic_processing <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Brainerd">C.J. Brainerd</a>, <a href="/author/Yang">Y. Yang</a>, <a href="/author/Reyna">V.F. Reyna</a>, <a href="/author/Howe">M.L. Howe</a>, and <a href="/author/Mills">B.A. Mills</a> </span><em>Psychonomic Bulletin and Review</em> <em>15(6):1035-1053</em> (<em>2008</em>)Fri Apr 01 10:29:57 CEST 2011Psychonomic Bulletin and Review61035-1053Semantic processing in “associative” false memory152008memory semantic_automatic_processing We studied the semantic properties of a class of illusions, of which the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm is the most prominent example, in which subjects falsely remember words that are associates of studied words. We analyzed DRM materials for 16 dimensions of semantic content and assessed the ability of these dimensions to predict interlist variability in false memory. For the more general class of illusions, we analyzed pairs of presented and unpresented words that varied in associative strength for the presence of these same 16 semantic properties. DRM materials proved to be exceptionally rich in meaning, as indexed by these semantic properties. Variability in false recall, false recognition, and backward associative strength loaded on a single semantic factor (familiarity/meaningfulness), whereas variability in true recall loaded on a quite different factor (imagery/concreteness). For word association generally, 15 semantic properties varied reliably with forward or backward association between words. Implications for semantic versus associative processing in this class of illusions, for dual-process theories, and for semantic properties of word associations are discussed.We studied the semantic properties of a class of illusions, of which the Deese/Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm is the most prominent example, in which subjects falsely remember words that are associates of studied words. We analyzed DRM materials for 16 dimensions of semantic content and assessed the ability of these dimensions to predict interlist variability in false memory. For the more general class of illusions, we analyzed pairs of presented and unpresented words that varied in associative strength for the presence of these same 16 semantic properties. DRM materials proved to be exceptionally rich in meaning, as indexed by these semantic properties. Variability in false recall, false recognition, and backward associative strength loaded on a single semantic factor (familiarity/meaningfulness), whereas variability in true recall loaded on a quite different factor (imagery/concreteness). For word association generally, 15 semantic properties varied reliably with forward or backward association between words. Implications for semantic versus associative processing in this class of illusions, for dual-process theories, and for semantic properties of word associations are discussed.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2cb5d0545b2e57539a51f2a52c7942548/pseitipseiti2011-04-01T10:18:03+02:00markov memory trichotomous_processes <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Brainerd">C J Brainerd</a>, <a href="/author/Reyna">V F Reyna</a>, and <a href="/author/Howe">M L Howe</a> </span><em>Psychol Rev</em> <em>116(4):783-832</em> (<em>October 2009</em>)Fri Apr 01 10:18:03 CEST 2011Psychol Revoct4783-832Trichotomous processes in early memory development, aging, and neurocognitive impairment: a unified theory1162009markov memory trichotomous_processes One of the most extensively investigated topics in the adult memory literature, dual memory processes, has had virtually no impact on the study of early memory development. The authors remove the key obstacles to such research by formulating a trichotomous theory of recall that combines the traditional dual processes of recollection and familiarity with a reconstruction process. The theory is then embedded in a hidden Markov model that measures all 3 processes with low-burden tasks that are appropriate for even young children. These techniques are applied to a large corpus of developmental studies of recall, yielding stable findings about the emergence of dual memory processes between childhood and young adulthood and generating tests of many theoretical predictions. The techniques are extended to the study of healthy aging and to the memory sequelae of common forms of neurocognitive impairment, resulting in a theoretical framework that is unified over 4 major domains of memory research: early development, mainstream adult research, aging, and neurocognitive impairment. The techniques are also extended to recognition, creating a unified dual process framework for recall and recognition.Trichotomous processes in early memory development... [Psychol Rev. 2009] - PubMed resulthttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/27adfd425f7357b98a4a0198b832536cd/pseitipseiti2011-03-08T17:48:23+01:00SeKoWi categorization exemplar_prototype memory <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/E.E.">Smith E.E.</a>, <a href="/author/A.L.">Patalano A.L.</a>, and <a href="/author/J.">Jonides J.</a> </span><em>Cognition</em> (<em>January 1998</em>)Tue Mar 08 17:48:23 CET 2011Cognition167-196(30)Alternative strategies of categorization65January 1998SeKoWi categorization exemplar_prototype memory Psychological studies of categorization often assume that all concepts are of the same general kind, and are operated on by the same kind of categorization process. In this paper, we argue against this unitary view, and for the existence of qualitatively different categorization processes. In particular, we focus on the distinction between categorizing an item by: (a) applying a category-defining rule to the item vs. (b) determining the similarity of that item to remembered exemplars of a category. We begin by characterizing rule application and similarity computations as strategies of categorization. Next, we review experimental studies that have used artificial categories and shown that differences in instructions or time pressure can lead to either rule-based categorization or similarity-based categorization. Then we consider studies that have used natural concepts and again demonstrated that categorization can be done by either rule application or similarity calculations. Lastly, we take up evidence from cognitive neuroscience relevant to the rule vs. similarity issue. There is some indirect evidence from brain-damaged patients for neurological differences between categorization based on rules vs. that based on similarity (with the former involving frontal regions, and the latter relying more on posterior areas). For more direct evidence, we present the results of a recent neuroimaging experiment, which indicates that different neural circuits are involved when people categorize items on the basis of a rule as compared with when they categorize the same items on the basis of similarity.ingentaconnect Alternative strategies of categorizationhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f2842616198c97edbccb10d24919b1ab/pseitipseiti2011-02-21T12:48:55+01:00LASS intention motivation tagging <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Strohmaier">M. Strohmaier</a>, <a href="/author/Körner">C. Körner</a>, and <a href="/author/Kern">R. Kern</a> </span><em>International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media ICWSM2010, </em><em>Washington, DC, USA, </em>(<em>May 2010</em>)Mon Feb 21 12:48:55 CET 2011Washington, DC, USAInternational AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM2010)mayWhy do users tag? Detecting users' motivation for tagging in social tagging systems2010LASS intention motivation tagging While recent progress has been achieved in understanding the structure and dynamics of social tagging systems, we know little about the underlying user motivations for tagging, and how they influence resulting folksonomies and tags. This paper addresses three issues related to this question: 1.) What motivates users to tag resources, and in what ways is user motivation amenable to quantitative analysis? 2.) Does users' motivation for tagging vary within and across social tagging systems, and if so how? and 3.) How does variability in user motivation influence resulting tags and folksonomies? In this paper, we present measures to detect whether a tagger is primarily motivated by categorizing or describing resources, and apply the measures to datasets from 8 different tagging systems. Our results show that a) users' motivation for tagging varies not only across, but also within tagging systems, and that b) tag agreement among users who are motivated by categorizing resources is significantly lower than among users who are motivated by describing resources. Our findings are relevant for (i) the development of tag recommenders, (ii) the analysis of tag semantics and (iii) the design of search algorithms for social tagging systems.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f47a150872f073eb08d7d3cc7a19d70e/pseitipseiti2010-10-22T17:08:43+02:00memory mental_model se_tel working_memory <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Gyselinck"> Gyselinck</a>, <a href="/author/Beni">R De Beni</a>, <a href="/author/Pazzaglia">F Pazzaglia</a>, <a href="/author/Meneghetti">C Meneghetti</a>, and <a href="/author/Mondoloni">A Mondoloni</a> </span><em>Psychol Res</em> <em>71(3):373-382</em> (<em>May 2007</em>)Fri Oct 22 17:08:43 CEST 2010Psychol Resmay3373-382Working memory components and imagery instructions in the elaboration of a spatial mental model712007memory mental_model se_tel working_memory The paper investigates the involvement of verbal and visuo-spatial working memory during the processing of spatial texts via a dual-task paradigm. Subjects were presented with three texts describing locations from a route perspective, and had either to imagine themselves moving along a route in surroundings or to rehearse verbal information. Concurrently they had to perform a spatial tapping task, an articulatory task, or no secondary task. Performance on a verification test used to assess the product of comprehension showed that the concurrent tapping task impaired performance in the imagery instructions group but not in the repetition instructions group, and caused the beneficial effect of imagery instructions to vanish. This result was not observed with the articulatory task, where interference effects were similar in both instructions groups. Performance on the concurrent tasks confirmed the pattern obtained with the verification test. In addition, results seem partly dependent on the capacity of spatial working memory as measured by the Corsi Blocks Test. We argue that these results clarify the processes of the construction of a spatial mental model, and confirm that the visuo-spatial working memory is involved in mental imagery.Working memory components and imagery instructions... [Psychol Res. 2007] - PubMed resulthttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2b73bf457ee6d8306c103a4ce8ae13ede/pseitipseiti2010-09-07T09:02:41+02:00review tagging <span class="authorEditorList"><a href="/author/Trant">Jennifer Trant</a> </span><em>Journal of Digital Information</em> (<em>2009</em>)Tue Sep 07 09:02:41 CEST 2010Journal of Digital Information1Studying Social Tagging and Folksonomy: A Review and Framework102009review tagging This paper reviews research into social tagging and folksonomy (as reflected in about 180 sources published through December 2007). Methods of researching the contribution of social tagging and folksonomy are described, and outstanding research questions are presented. This is a new area of research, where theoretical perspectives and relevant research methods are only now being defined. This paper provides a framework for the study of folksonomy, tagging and social tagging systems. Three broad approaches are identified, focusing first, on the folksonomy itself (and the role of tags in indexing and retrieval); secondly, on tagging (and the behaviour of users); and thirdly, on the nature of social tagging systems (as socio-technical frameworks).