Mernik,Marjan \vCrepin\v sek,Matej Gerli\vc,Goran \vZumer,Viljem Bryant,BarrettR. Sprague,Alan Learning Context-Free Grammars using an Evolutionary Approach 2003 Machine learning of grammars finds many applications in syntactic pattern recognition, computational biology, natural language acquisition, etc. In this paper a new application of grammatical inference is suggested. Development of domain-specific languages is a hard problem for domain experts not versed in programming language design. We believe that syntax of a small domain-specific language can be inferred from positive and negative programs provided by domain experts. In our work we are the using genetic programming approach in grammatical inference. Grammar-specific heuristic operators and non-random construction of the initial population are proposed to achieve this task. Suitability of the approach is shown by small examples where underlying context-free grammars are successfully inferred. Christiansen,Henning CHR Grammmars 2002 A grammar formalism based upon CHR is proposed analogously to the way Definite Clause Grammars are defined and implemented on top of Prolog. These grammars execute as robust bottom-up parsers with an inherent treatment of ambiguity and a high flexibility to model various linguistic phenomena... Christiansen,Henning User's Guide to CHR Grammars 2002 This document explains how to use CHRG which is a grammar notation implemented on top of the CHR language of Constraint Handling Rules. CHR is an extension to Prolog with committed choice multiple-headed rules. You need to have a recent version of SICSTUS Prolog installed on your computer that supports the CHR library. Pullum,GeoffreyK. Scholz,BarbaraC. On the Distinction between Model-Theoretic and Generative-Enumerative Syntactic Frameworks Springer-Verlag 17-43 2001 Two kinds of framework for stating grammars of natural languages emerged during the 20th century. Here we call them generativeenumerative syntax (GES)an d model-theoretic syntax (MTS). They are based on very different mathematics. GES developed in the 1950s out of Post's work on the syntactic side of logic. MTS arose somewhat later out of the semantic side of logic. We identify some distinguishing theoretical features of these frameworks, relating to cardinality of the set of expressions, size of individual expressions, and �transderivational constraints�. We then turn to three kinds of linguistic phenomena: partial grammaticality, the syntactic properties of expression fragments, and the fact that the lexicon of any natural language is in constant flux, and conclude that MTS has some major advantages for linguistic description that have been overlooked. We briefly consider the issue of what natural languages in MTS terms, and touch on implications for parsing and acquisition. vanZaanen,Menno ABL: Alignment-Based Learning 961–967 2000 vanZaanen,Menno Bootstrapping Syntax and Recursion using Alignment-Based Learning Morgan Kaufmann Publishers 1063–1070 2000 Borsley,RobertD. Modern Phrase Structure Grammar Blackwell 1996 Discontinuous Constituency Mouton de Gruyer 1996 Covington,MichaelA. GULP 3.1: An Extension of Prolog for Unification-Based Grammar 1994 McCord,Michael Bernth,Arendse Lappin,Shalom Zadrozny,Wlodek Natural Language Processing within a Slot Grammar Framework International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 1 229-277 1992 Carroll,John Briscoe,Ted Grover,Claire A Development Environment for Large Natural Language Grammars 1991 Quirk,Randolph Greenbaum,Sidney Leech,Geoffrey Svartvik,Jan A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language Longman 1985 Dahl,Öster Some Arguments for Higher Nodes in Syntax: A Reply to Hudson's `Constituency and Dependency' Linguistics 18 484-488 1980 Hudson,Richard A Second Attack on Constituency Linguistics 18 489-504 1980 Hudson,Richard Constituency and Dependency Linguistics 18 170-198 1980 Quirk,Randolph Greenbaum,Sidney Leech,Geoffrey Svartvik,Jan A Grammar of Contemporary English Longman 1972 Baumgärtner,K. Konstituenz und Dependenz. Zur Integration der beiden grammatischen Prinzipien. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft 1970 Gaifman,H. Dependency Systems and Phrase-Structure Systems Information and Control 8 304-337 1965