BibSonomy bookmarks for /tag/variability

Working Memory: How the Brain Focuses on What’s in Mind

bshanks — 2022-11-20T09:33:06+01:00

https://scitechdaily-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/scitechdaily.com/working-memory-how-the-brain-focuses-on-whats-in-mind/amp/?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIKAGwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16685673200675&csi=0&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fscitechdaily.com%2Fworking-memory-how-the-brain-focuses-on-whats-in-mind%2F

Behavior needs neural variability: Neuron

bshanks — 2021-10-28T00:01:52+02:00

https://www.cell.com/neuron/fulltext/S0896-6273(21)00045-3?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0896627321000453%3Fshowall%3Dtrue

Internal and external forcing of multidecadal Atlantic climate variability over the past 1,200 years - ngeo2962.pdf

simon.brown — 2020-01-06T12:41:18+01:00

https://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo2962.pdf

Impact of ENSO on dependence between extreme rainfall and storm surge - IOPscience

simon.brown — 2019-12-13T18:10:11+01:00

Dependence between extreme rainfall and storm surge can have significant implications for coastal floods, which are often caused by joint occurrence of these flood drivers (through pluvial or fluvial processes). The effect of multiple drivers leading to a compound flood event poses higher risk than those caused by a single flood-driving process. There is strong evidence that compound floods caused by joint occurrence of extreme storm surge and heavy rainfall are related to meteorological forcing (e.g. large scale pressure systems and wind) and climate phenomena (e.g. the El Niño Southern Oscillation or ENSO). Therefore, understanding how climate phenomena affect the co-occurrence of coastal flood drivers is an important step towards understanding future coastal flood risk under climate change. Here we examine the impact of one of the most important climate phenomena—ENSO—on dependence between storm surge and rainfall in Australia, using both observed surge and modelled surge from a linked ocean-climate model—the Regional Ocean Modeling System. Our results show that ENSO has a significant impact on the dependence between extreme rainfall and storm surge, thus flood risk resulted from these drivers. The overall dependence is largely driven by La Niña in Australia, with increased dependence observed during La Niña along most of the Australian coastline. However, there can be increased dependence during El Niño in some locations. The results demonstrate dependence is contributed by unequally-weighted mechanisms due to the interaction between climate phenomena and local features, indicating the need for greater understanding of composition of compound flood risk. Where climate phenomena are anticipated to change into the future, it is possible to use integrated process-driven models to establish a better understanding of whether extremes are more likely to co-occur and exacerbate compound flood risk.

Causes of climate change over the historical record - IOPscience

simon.brown — 2019-12-13T18:06:45+01:00

This review addresses the causes of observed climate variations across the industrial period, from 1750 to present. It focuses on long-term changes, both in response to external forcing and to climate variability in the ocean and atmosphere. A synthesis of results from attribution studies based on palaeoclimatic reconstructions covering the recent few centuries to the 20th century, and instrumental data shows how greenhouse gases began to cause warming since the beginning of industrialization, causing trends that are attributable to greenhouse gases by 1900 in proxy-based temperature reconstructions. Their influence increased over time, dominating recent trends. However, other forcings have caused substantial deviations from this emerging greenhouse warming trend: volcanic eruptions have caused strong cooling following a period of unusually heavy activity, such as in the early 19th century; or warming during periods of low activity, such as in the early-to-mid 20th century. Anthropogenic aerosol forcing most likely masked some global greenhouse warming over the 20th century, especially since the accelerated increase in sulphate aerosol emissions starting around 1950. Based on modelling and attribution studies, aerosol forcing has also influenced regional temperatures, caused long-term changes in monsoons and imprinted on Atlantic variability. Multi-decadal variations in atmospheric modes can also cause long-term climate variability, as apparent for the example of the North Atlantic Oscillation, and have influenced Atlantic ocean variability. Long-term precipitation changes are more difficult to attribute to external forcing due to spatial sparseness of data and noisiness of precipitation changes, but the observed pattern of precipitation response to warming from station data supports climate model simulated changes and with it, predictions. The long-term warming has also led to significant differences in daily variability as, for example, visible in long European station data. Extreme events over the historical record provide valuable samples of possible extreme events and their mechanisms.

A Three-dimensional MRI Atlas of the Mouse Brain with Estimates of the Average and Variability -- Kovacevic et al. 15 (5): 639 -- Cerebral Cortex

bshanks — 2016-12-12T10:02:12+01:00

http://cercor.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/15/5/639

JBES - Volume 1, Number 1, February 2011

innspubnet — 2015-03-31T14:22:07+02:00

Published Research Article of Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. JBES published 12 issue per year. Here is the February issue of 2011.