<rdf:RDF xmlns:community="http://www.bibsonomy.org/ontologies/2008/05/community#" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" xmlns:admin="http://webns.net/mvcb/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:syn="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/" xmlns:cc="http://web.resource.org/cc/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:swrc="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xml:base="http://www.bibsonomy.org/user/lkl_kss/lkl-kss"><owl:Ontology rdf:about=""><rdfs:comment>BibSonomy publications for /user/lkl_kss/lkl-kss</rdfs:comment><owl:imports rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology/portal"/></owl:Ontology><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28e7728a30a2adc90af034bead0ce0505/lkl_kss"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/28e7728a30a2adc90af034bead0ce0505/lkl_kss"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://alfa.ist.utl.pt/~cvrm/staff/vramos/ref_58.html"/><swrc:date>Tue Jun 06 03:07:44 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:title>Social Cognitive Maps, Swarm Collective Perception and Distributed Search on Dynamic Landscapes</swrc:title><swrc:year>2005</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>swarms sociocognitive lkl-kss ai simulation social emergent dynamics information colony intelligence ant tags cognition networks </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="4" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="407689" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="They begin by explaining:



Flocks of migrating birds and schools of fish are familiar examples of spatial selforganized patterns formed by living organisms through social foraging. Such aggregation patterns are observed not only in colonies of organisms as simple as single-cell bacteria, as interesting as social insects like ants and termites as well as in colonies of multi-cellular vertebrates as complex as birds and fish but also in human societies. Wasps, bees, ants and termites all make effective use of their environment and resources by displaying collective “swarm” intelligence. For example, termite colonies build nests with a complexity far beyond the comprehension of the individual termite, while ant colonies dynamically allocate labor to various vital tasks such as foraging or defense without any central decision-making ability. Slime mould is another perfect example. These are very simple cellular organisms with limited motile and sensory capabilities, but in times of food shortage they aggregate to form a mobile slug capable of transporting the assembled individuals to a new feeding area. Should food shortage persist, they then form into a fruiting body that disperses their spores using the wind, thus ensuring the survival of the colony.





And conclude:



Evolution of mass behaviours on time are difficult to predict, since the global behaviour is the result of many part relations operating in their own local neighbourhood. The emergence of network trails in ant colonies, for instance, are the product of several simple and local interactions that can evolve to complex patterns, which in some sense translate a meta-behaviour of that swarm. Moreover, the translation of one kind of low-level (present in a large number) to one meta-level is minimal. Although that behaviour is specified (and somehow constrained), there is minimal specification of the mechanism required to generate that behaviour; global behaviour evolves from the many relations of multiple simple behaviours, without global coordination (i.e. from local interactions to global complexity. One paradigmatic and abstract example is the notion, within a specified population, of common-sense, being the meta-result a type of collective-conscience. There is some evidence that our brain as well as many other complex systems, operates in the same way, and as a consequence collective perception capabilities could be derived from emergent properties, which cannot be neglected in any pattern search algorithm. These systems show in general, interesting and desirable features as flexibility (e.g. the brain is able to cope with incorrect, ambiguous or distorted information, or even to deal with unforeseen or new situations without showing abrupt performance breakdown) or versability, robustness (keep functioning even when some parts are locally damaged), and they operate in a massively parallel fashion. Present results point to that type of interesting features." swrc:key="comment"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Vitorino Ramos"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Carlos Fernandes"/></rdf:_2><rdf:_3><swrc:Person swrc:name="Agostinho C. Rosa"/></rdf:_3></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21531e4ac3df8bedfff033f3b0ef321f4/lkl_kss"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/21531e4ac3df8bedfff033f3b0ef321f4/lkl_kss"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Misc"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://alfa.ist.utl.pt/~cvrm/staff/vramos/ref_45.html"/><swrc:date>Tue Jun 06 03:07:27 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:title>Swarms on Continuous Data</swrc:title><swrc:year>2003</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>social swarms information dynamics colony ant lkl-kss simulation networks cognition </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="2" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="407641" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Vitorino Ramos"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Ajith Abraham"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/236217697a45d9f676e5c8e165a601cdb/lkl_kss"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/236217697a45d9f676e5c8e165a601cdb/lkl_kss"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#InProceedings"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://alfa.ist.utl.pt/~cvrm/staff/vramos/ref_67.html"/><swrc:date>Tue Jun 06 03:07:09 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:title>On Self-Regulated Swarms, Societal Memory, Speed and Dynamics</swrc:title><swrc:year>2006</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>memory swarms sociocognitive lkl-kss ai simulation social agents emergent dynamics information colony intelligence tags ant cognition networks </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="4" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="407750" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems" swrc:key="conference"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Vitorino Ramos"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Carlos Fernandes"/></rdf:_2><rdf:_3><swrc:Person swrc:name="Agostinho C. Rosa"/></rdf:_3></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24aa24201f90bd4cc05889e441d6b0542/lkl_kss"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/24aa24201f90bd4cc05889e441d6b0542/lkl_kss"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#InBook"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://alfa.ist.utl.pt/~cvrm/staff/vramos/ref_48.html"/><swrc:date>Tue Jun 06 03:06:28 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:title>Web Usage Mining Using Artificial Ant Colony Clustering And Genetic Programming</swrc:title><swrc:year>2003</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>social eni swarms information dynamics colony ant lkl-kss simulation networks cognition </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="2" swrc:key="priority"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="364411" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Vitorino Ramos"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Ajith Abraham"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2179f7e8c955e552da372a555de2cba48/lkl_kss"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2179f7e8c955e552da372a555de2cba48/lkl_kss"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#TechnicalReport"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.futurelab.org.uk/research/discuss/05discuss01.htm"/><swrc:date>Wed May 17 13:18:56 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:publisher><swrc:Organization swrc:name="NESTA FutureLab"/></swrc:publisher><swrc:title>USING WIKIS IN SCHOOLS: A CASE STUDY</swrc:title><swrc:year>2006</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>learning wiki lkl-kss school </swrc:keywords><swrc:abstract>Wikis have been heralded as one of a number of new and powerful forms of software capable of supporting a range of collaborative ventures and learning activities. This paper addresses the potential uses of wikis - online editable websites - as learning tools in schools. It places wikis in the context of current relevant literature about collaborative learning, summarising major theories of learning in communities and knowledge-building in networked groups. It also looks briefly at the trends in the wider area of &#039;social software&#039;, of which wikis are just one example. Using wikis in school is explored further through a short-term &#039;case study&#039; in a UK secondary school. The literature and research background is used to analyse some of the emerging issues surrounding using wikis in the classroom highlighted through this case study. This paper looks both at the affordances of the technology itself and the wider context of the classroom, and offers some provisional conclusions about the potential of using wikis to support collaborative learning in schools.</swrc:abstract><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="Futurelab Lyndsay Grant"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2dc0d4a5975ff28952d470193001157bd/lkl_kss"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2dc0d4a5975ff28952d470193001157bd/lkl_kss"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00005703/"/><swrc:date>Thu Mar 30 14:27:40 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:journal>Library Review</swrc:journal><swrc:number>5</swrc:number><swrc:title>Collaborative Tagging as a Knowledge Organisation and Resource Discovery Tool</swrc:title><swrc:volume>55</swrc:volume><swrc:year>in press</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>folksonomy tags lkl-kss </swrc:keywords><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="George Macgregor"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><swrc:Person swrc:name="Emma McCulloch"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f560cee922deb9c164834dd43b610ee8/lkl_kss"><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://www.bibsonomy.org/uri/bibtex/2f560cee922deb9c164834dd43b610ee8/lkl_kss"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#Article"/><owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1584367"/><swrc:date>Thu Mar 30 14:26:50 CEST 2006</swrc:date><swrc:journal>Spectrum, IEEE</swrc:journal><swrc:number>2</swrc:number><swrc:pages>80--80</swrc:pages><swrc:title>Technically Speaking: Folk Wisdom</swrc:title><swrc:volume>43</swrc:volume><swrc:year>2006</swrc:year><swrc:keywords>folksonomy tags lkl-kss </swrc:keywords><swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:Field swrc:value="566157" swrc:key="citeulike-article-id"/></swrc:hasExtraField><swrc:author><rdf:Seq><rdf:_1><swrc:Person swrc:name="P. Mcfedries"/></rdf:_1></rdf:Seq></swrc:author></rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>
