%0 Journal Article %1 plenkers_etal:2012 %A Plenkers, Katrin %A Ritter, Joachim R. R. %A Schindler, Marion %D 2012 %I Springer Netherlands %J Journal of Seismology %K geophysics seismology %P 1--23 %R 10.1007/s10950-012-9284-9 %T Low signal-to-noise event detection based on waveform stacking and cross-correlation: application to a stimulation experiment %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10950-012-9284-9 %X We study the microseismicity (ML < 2) in the region of Landau, SW Germany. Here, due to thick sediments (\~3 km) and high cultural seismic noise, the signal-to-noise ratio is in general very low for microearthquakes. To gain new insights into the occurrence of very small seismic events, we apply a three-step detection approach and are able to identify 207 microseismic events (-1 < ML < \~1) with signal-to-noise ratios smaller than 3. Recordings from a temporary broadband network are used with station distances of approximately 10 km. First, we apply a short-term to long-term average detection algorithm for data reduction. The detection algorithm is affected severely by transient noise signals. Therefore, the most promising detections, selected by coinciding triggers and high-amplitude measures, are reviewed manually. Thirteen seismic events are identified in this way. Finally, we conduct a cross-correlation analysis. As master template, we use the stacked waveforms of five manually detected seismic events with a repeating waveform. This search reveals additional 194 events with a cross-correlation coefficient exceeding 0.65 which ensures a stable identification. Our analysis shows that the repeating events occurred during the stimulation of a geothermal reservoir within a source region of only about 0.5 km3. Natural background seismicity exceeding our detection level of ML \~ 0.7 is not found in the region of Landau by our analysis.

@article{plenkers_etal:2012, abstract = {We study the microseismicity (ML < 2) in the region of Landau, SW Germany. Here, due to thick sediments (\~{}3 km) and high cultural seismic noise, the signal-to-noise ratio is in general very low for microearthquakes. To gain new insights into the occurrence of very small seismic events, we apply a three-step detection approach and are able to identify 207 microseismic events (-1 < ML < \~{}1) with signal-to-noise ratios smaller than 3. Recordings from a temporary broadband network are used with station distances of approximately 10 km. First, we apply a short-term to long-term average detection algorithm for data reduction. The detection algorithm is affected severely by transient noise signals. Therefore, the most promising detections, selected by coinciding triggers and high-amplitude measures, are reviewed manually. Thirteen seismic events are identified in this way. Finally, we conduct a cross-correlation analysis. As master template, we use the stacked waveforms of five manually detected seismic events with a repeating waveform. This search reveals additional 194 events with a cross-correlation coefficient exceeding 0.65 which ensures a stable identification. Our analysis shows that the repeating events occurred during the stimulation of a geothermal reservoir within a source region of only about 0.5 km3. Natural background seismicity exceeding our detection level of ML \~{} 0.7 is not found in the region of Landau by our analysis.}, added-at = {2012-09-01T13:08:21.000+0200}, author = {Plenkers, Katrin and Ritter, Joachim R. R. and Schindler, Marion}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/255c825b6c8bb5fe8e96f601bd778f309/nilsma}, day = 28, doi = {10.1007/s10950-012-9284-9}, interhash = {07ab1068f3939c3a31a722e1feede76a}, intrahash = {55c825b6c8bb5fe8e96f601bd778f309}, issn = {1383-4649}, journal = {Journal of Seismology}, keywords = {geophysics seismology}, month = feb, pages = {1--23}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, timestamp = {2021-02-09T13:24:56.000+0100}, title = {Low signal-to-noise event detection based on waveform stacking and cross-correlation: application to a stimulation experiment}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10950-012-9284-9}, year = 2012 }