%0 Journal Article %1 laure2021oxygenation %A Laure, Watelet %A Gugu, Kabayadondo %A Pierre, Biname %A Julien, Petit %A Jonathan, Petit %D 2021 %J Emergency Medicine Investigations (ISSN: 2475-5605) %K Apnea Oxygenation Pre-hospital Pre-oxygenation Pulmonary model %N 2 %P 6 %T Oxygenation during Apnea: An Assessment of Six Methods Using an Ex Vivo Experimental Model %U https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/oxygenation-during-apnea-an-assessment-of-six-methods-using-an-ex-vivo-experimental-model %V 6 %X Introduction: In emergency medicine and pre-hospital care, oxygenation techniques are frequently used in case of apnea. However, among the different methods, the choice is often based on recommendations with little level of evidence. This study is a preliminary investigation on a mechanical model that provides experimental data on six modalities of oxygenation during apnea.Design: A mechanical model of the human airways was created to simulate gas evolution during apnea. Six methods of oxygenation were applied: the Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) without ventilation, the nasal cannula, the high concentration mask (HCM), the nasopharyngeal cannula, the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and the laryngeal tube with passive oxygen flow. For each method, the fraction of « pulmonary » oxygen (F«p»02) was monitored three times for 400 seconds. Subsequently, the data were statistically compared. Main results: After 400 seconds, the best performing method appeared to be the laryngeal tube with passive oxygen flow followed by the HCM. The third best method was HFNC then the nasal cannula. The BVM device proved to be the least effective method. The differences in F«p»02 between 100 and 400 seconds were found to be statistically significant using Friedman’s repeated measurements analysis. Dunn’s test for post-hoc multiple comparison with Bonferroni corrections showed that the differences between all pairs were statistically significant (p < 0,0001) except for the HFNC-HCM pair.Conclusion: This study provides data on the capacity of various methods to oxygenate a mechanical model of the pulmonary system during apnea. Considering pre-hospital constraints, the results highlight the efficiency of the simple HCM method for oxygenation. Nevertheless, this work is exclusively based on a mechanical model, more investigation and clinical research is needed before issuing practical recommendations.

@article{laure2021oxygenation, abstract = {Introduction: In emergency medicine and pre-hospital care, oxygenation techniques are frequently used in case of apnea. However, among the different methods, the choice is often based on recommendations with little level of evidence. This study is a preliminary investigation on a mechanical model that provides experimental data on six modalities of oxygenation during apnea.Design: A mechanical model of the human airways was created to simulate gas evolution during apnea. Six methods of oxygenation were applied: the Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) without ventilation, the nasal cannula, the high concentration mask (HCM), the nasopharyngeal cannula, the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and the laryngeal tube with passive oxygen flow. For each method, the fraction of « pulmonary » oxygen (F«p»02) was monitored three times for 400 seconds. Subsequently, the data were statistically compared. Main results: After 400 seconds, the best performing method appeared to be the laryngeal tube with passive oxygen flow followed by the HCM. The third best method was HFNC then the nasal cannula. The BVM device proved to be the least effective method. The differences in F«p»02 between 100 and 400 seconds were found to be statistically significant using Friedman’s repeated measurements analysis. Dunn’s test for post-hoc multiple comparison with Bonferroni corrections showed that the differences between all pairs were statistically significant (p < 0,0001) except for the HFNC-HCM pair.Conclusion: This study provides data on the capacity of various methods to oxygenate a mechanical model of the pulmonary system during apnea. Considering pre-hospital constraints, the results highlight the efficiency of the simple HCM method for oxygenation. Nevertheless, this work is exclusively based on a mechanical model, more investigation and clinical research is needed before issuing practical recommendations.}, added-at = {2021-11-11T12:17:02.000+0100}, author = {Laure, Watelet and Gugu, Kabayadondo and Pierre, Biname and Julien, Petit and Jonathan, Petit}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2db300d2d04f7e7c9d0ad8e04f443c080/alyssacarter}, interhash = {1796471f54ced8de8ff642b2515ed312}, intrahash = {db300d2d04f7e7c9d0ad8e04f443c080}, issn = {2475-5605}, journal = {Emergency Medicine Investigations (ISSN: 2475-5605)}, keywords = {Apnea Oxygenation Pre-hospital Pre-oxygenation Pulmonary model}, language = {ENGLISH}, month = {April}, number = 2, pages = 6, timestamp = {2021-11-11T12:17:02.000+0100}, title = {Oxygenation during Apnea: An Assessment of Six Methods Using an Ex Vivo Experimental Model }, url = {https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/oxygenation-during-apnea-an-assessment-of-six-methods-using-an-ex-vivo-experimental-model}, volume = 6, year = 2021 }