To investigate the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of Ca$^2+$
wave propagation, we developed a three-dimensional (3-D) simulator
of cardiac myocytes, in which the sarcolemma, myofibril, and Z-line
structure with Ca$^2+$ release sites were modeled as separate
structures using the finite element method. Similarly to previous
studies, we assumed that Ca$^2+$ diffusion from one release site
to another and Ca$^2+$-induced Ca$^2+$ release were the basic
mechanisms, but use of the finite element method enabled us to simulate
not only the wave propagation in 3-D space but also the active shortening
of the myocytes. Therefore, in addition to the dependence of the
Ca$^2+$ wave propagation velocity on the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Ca$^2+$ content and affinity of troponin C for Ca$^2+$, we
were able to evaluate the influence of active shortening on the propagation
velocity. Furthermore, if the initial Ca$^2+$ release took place
in the proximity of the nucleus, spiral Ca$^2+$ waves evolved
and spread in a complex manner, suggesting that this phenomenon has
the potential for arrhythmogenicity. The present 3-D simulator, with
its ability to study the interaction between Ca$^2+$ waves and
contraction, will serve as a useful tool for studying the mechanism
of this complex phenomenon.
%0 Journal Article
%1 Okad_2005_C510
%A ichi Okada, Jun
%A Sugiura, Seiryo
%A Nishimura, Satoshi
%A Hisada, Toshiaki
%D 2005
%J Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.
%K (Genetics), 15496481 3' Abstract, Acid, Agents, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Bacteria, Bacterial, Base Biological, Calcium Calcium, Cardiac, Complementary, Conserved Contraction, DNA, Drug English Escherichia Factors, Genetic, Genome, Genomics, Gov't, Gram-Negative Gram-Positive Human, Humans, Imaging, Initiation Mathematics, Methicillin Mice, Microbial Models, Muscle Myocytes, Non-U.S. Ofloxacin, Promoter Proteins, RNA RNA, Rats, Regions Regions, Regulatory Research Resistance, Ribonucleic Sensitivity Sequence, Sequences, Signaling, Site, Splicing, Staphylococcus Support, Terminator Tests, Three-Dimensional, Time Transcription Transcription, Untran, Untranslated, aureus, coli, slated
%N 3
%P C510--C522
%R 10.1152/ajpcell.00261.2004
%T Three-dimensional simulation of calcium waves and contraction in
cardiomyocytes using the finite element method.
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00261.2004
%V 288
%X To investigate the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of Ca$^2+$
wave propagation, we developed a three-dimensional (3-D) simulator
of cardiac myocytes, in which the sarcolemma, myofibril, and Z-line
structure with Ca$^2+$ release sites were modeled as separate
structures using the finite element method. Similarly to previous
studies, we assumed that Ca$^2+$ diffusion from one release site
to another and Ca$^2+$-induced Ca$^2+$ release were the basic
mechanisms, but use of the finite element method enabled us to simulate
not only the wave propagation in 3-D space but also the active shortening
of the myocytes. Therefore, in addition to the dependence of the
Ca$^2+$ wave propagation velocity on the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Ca$^2+$ content and affinity of troponin C for Ca$^2+$, we
were able to evaluate the influence of active shortening on the propagation
velocity. Furthermore, if the initial Ca$^2+$ release took place
in the proximity of the nucleus, spiral Ca$^2+$ waves evolved
and spread in a complex manner, suggesting that this phenomenon has
the potential for arrhythmogenicity. The present 3-D simulator, with
its ability to study the interaction between Ca$^2+$ waves and
contraction, will serve as a useful tool for studying the mechanism
of this complex phenomenon.
@article{Okad_2005_C510,
abstract = {To investigate the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of {C}a$^{2+}$
wave propagation, we developed a three-dimensional (3-D) simulator
of cardiac myocytes, in which the sarcolemma, myofibril, and Z-line
structure with {C}a$^{2+}$ release sites were modeled as separate
structures using the finite element method. Similarly to previous
studies, we assumed that {C}a$^{2+}$ diffusion from one release site
to another and {C}a$^{2+}$-induced {C}a$^{2+}$ release were the basic
mechanisms, but use of the finite element method enabled us to simulate
not only the wave propagation in 3-D space but also the active shortening
of the myocytes. Therefore, in addition to the dependence of the
{C}a$^{2+}$ wave propagation velocity on the sarcoplasmic reticulum
{C}a$^{2+}$ content and affinity of troponin C for {C}a$^{2+}$, we
were able to evaluate the influence of active shortening on the propagation
velocity. Furthermore, if the initial {C}a$^{2+}$ release took place
in the proximity of the nucleus, spiral {C}a$^{2+}$ waves evolved
and spread in a complex manner, suggesting that this phenomenon has
the potential for arrhythmogenicity. The present 3-D simulator, with
its ability to study the interaction between {C}a$^{2+}$ waves and
contraction, will serve as a useful tool for studying the mechanism
of this complex phenomenon.},
added-at = {2009-06-03T11:20:58.000+0200},
author = {ichi Okada, Jun and Sugiura, Seiryo and Nishimura, Satoshi and Hisada, Toshiaki},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c5bd90eee54c7c924d785b572123fd1b/hake},
description = {The whole bibliography file I use.},
doi = {10.1152/ajpcell.00261.2004},
file = {Okad_2005_C510.pdf:Okad_2005_C510.pdf:PDF},
interhash = {de471d9ec16467743826900b12ad4c83},
intrahash = {c5bd90eee54c7c924d785b572123fd1b},
journal = {Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.},
key = 124,
keywords = {(Genetics), 15496481 3' Abstract, Acid, Agents, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Bacteria, Bacterial, Base Biological, Calcium Calcium, Cardiac, Complementary, Conserved Contraction, DNA, Drug English Escherichia Factors, Genetic, Genome, Genomics, Gov't, Gram-Negative Gram-Positive Human, Humans, Imaging, Initiation Mathematics, Methicillin Mice, Microbial Models, Muscle Myocytes, Non-U.S. Ofloxacin, Promoter Proteins, RNA RNA, Rats, Regions Regions, Regulatory Research Resistance, Ribonucleic Sensitivity Sequence, Sequences, Signaling, Site, Splicing, Staphylococcus Support, Terminator Tests, Three-Dimensional, Time Transcription Transcription, Untran, Untranslated, aureus, coli, slated},
month = Mar,
number = 3,
pages = {C510--C522},
pii = {00261.2004},
pmid = {15496481},
timestamp = {2009-06-03T11:21:24.000+0200},
title = {Three-dimensional simulation of calcium waves and contraction in
cardiomyocytes using the finite element method.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00261.2004},
volume = 288,
year = 2005
}