%0 Conference Paper %1 Mirzaei_akalman %A Mirzaei, Faraz M. %A Member, Student %A Roumeliotis, Stergios I. %B in Proc. IEEE/RSJ Int. Conf. Intell. Robots Syst %D 2008 %K algorithm calibration camera filter imu kalman %P 2427--2434 %T A Kalman filter-based algorithm for IMU-camera calibration %U http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.157.6717 %X Abstract—Vision-aided inertial navigation systems (V-INSs) can provide precise state estimates for the 3-D motion of a vehicle when no external references (e.g., GPS) are available. This is achieved by combining inertial measurements from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) with visual observations from a camera under the assumption that the rigid transformation between the two sensors is known. Errors in the IMU-camera extrinsic calibration process cause biases that reduce the estimation accuracy and can even lead to divergence of any estimator processing the measurements from both sensors. In this paper, we present an extended Kalman filter for precisely determining the unknown transformation between a camera and an IMU. Contrary to previous approaches, we explicitly account for the time correlation of the IMU measurements and provide a figure of merit (covariance) for the estimated transformation. The proposed method does not require any special hardware (such as spin table or 3-D laser scanner) except a calibration target. Furthermore, we employ the observability rank criterion based on Lie derivatives and prove that the nonlinear system describing the IMU-camera calibration process is observable. Simulation and experimental results are presented that validate the proposed method and quantify its accuracy. Index Terms—Extended Kalman filter, inertial measurement unit (IMU)-camera calibration, Lie derivatives, observability of nonlinear systems, vision-aided inertial navigation. I.

@inproceedings{Mirzaei_akalman, abstract = {Abstract—Vision-aided inertial navigation systems (V-INSs) can provide precise state estimates for the 3-D motion of a vehicle when no external references (e.g., GPS) are available. This is achieved by combining inertial measurements from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) with visual observations from a camera under the assumption that the rigid transformation between the two sensors is known. Errors in the IMU-camera extrinsic calibration process cause biases that reduce the estimation accuracy and can even lead to divergence of any estimator processing the measurements from both sensors. In this paper, we present an extended Kalman filter for precisely determining the unknown transformation between a camera and an IMU. Contrary to previous approaches, we explicitly account for the time correlation of the IMU measurements and provide a figure of merit (covariance) for the estimated transformation. The proposed method does not require any special hardware (such as spin table or 3-D laser scanner) except a calibration target. Furthermore, we employ the observability rank criterion based on Lie derivatives and prove that the nonlinear system describing the IMU-camera calibration process is observable. Simulation and experimental results are presented that validate the proposed method and quantify its accuracy. Index Terms—Extended Kalman filter, inertial measurement unit (IMU)-camera calibration, Lie derivatives, observability of nonlinear systems, vision-aided inertial navigation. I.}, added-at = {2012-06-20T08:38:57.000+0200}, author = {Mirzaei, Faraz M. and Member, Student and Roumeliotis, Stergios I.}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/20ed5e4129c24dd90d6ad0427a1695bbb/christian_claus}, booktitle = {in Proc. IEEE/RSJ Int. Conf. Intell. Robots Syst}, description = {CiteSeerX — A Kalman filter-based algorithm for IMU-camera calibration}, interhash = {556ab50c341ed612aa103fdca9b2af10}, intrahash = {0ed5e4129c24dd90d6ad0427a1695bbb}, keywords = {algorithm calibration camera filter imu kalman}, pages = {2427--2434}, timestamp = {2012-06-20T08:38:57.000+0200}, title = {A Kalman filter-based algorithm for IMU-camera calibration}, url = {http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.157.6717}, year = 2008 }