The growth of energy consumption, the ever extensive use of conventional
fossil fuels from exhaustible resources and concerns about the
environment have led to the development of sustainable renewable energy
as a necessary global requirement. Today, the trend in the electrical
sector is the generation of electrical power at low voltage. Distributed
generation at low voltage enables consumers to contribute to the
country's energy mix system without large investments by governments.
This means that dwellers are able to produce and inject electrical power
into the grid thus enjoying the status of energy producer and also
reducing the burden on the national electrical grid system. In order for
this system to produce high quality energy in a safe and coordinated
manner, stringent health & safety and technical measures must be
implemented. Moreover, such systems require strong legal support and
well-established contracts. Technical training of personnel,
implementation of well established planned/corrective maintenance
systems and electrical spare part availability are also crucial to the
reliability and long term operation of such systems. The aims of the
paper are to present the basis for development of renewable energy for
household usage in countries such as Germany, Denmark, Spain and Brazil,
in terms of technical requirements for electrical generation and grid
connection at low voltage. In Brazil about 70% of the electricity comes
from hydropower and around 50% of its automobiles run on renewable
biofuel, which results in a low per capita emission. The country however
faces some tough barriers to overcome in order to implement household
generation from renewable sources. These will be discussed in due
course. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
%0 Journal Article
%1 WOS:000297454200018
%A Leao, R P S
%A Barroso, G C
%A Sampaio, R F
%A Almada, J B
%A Lima, C F P
%A Rego, M C O
%A Antunes, F L M
%C THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
%D 2011
%I ELSEVIER SCI LTD
%J INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
%K Low Policies; Regulation; Renewables distributed energies} generation; producers; size voltage {Small
%N 8
%P 1506-1512
%R 10.1016/j.ijepes.2011.06.036
%T The future of low voltage networks: Moving from passive to active
%V 33
%X The growth of energy consumption, the ever extensive use of conventional
fossil fuels from exhaustible resources and concerns about the
environment have led to the development of sustainable renewable energy
as a necessary global requirement. Today, the trend in the electrical
sector is the generation of electrical power at low voltage. Distributed
generation at low voltage enables consumers to contribute to the
country's energy mix system without large investments by governments.
This means that dwellers are able to produce and inject electrical power
into the grid thus enjoying the status of energy producer and also
reducing the burden on the national electrical grid system. In order for
this system to produce high quality energy in a safe and coordinated
manner, stringent health & safety and technical measures must be
implemented. Moreover, such systems require strong legal support and
well-established contracts. Technical training of personnel,
implementation of well established planned/corrective maintenance
systems and electrical spare part availability are also crucial to the
reliability and long term operation of such systems. The aims of the
paper are to present the basis for development of renewable energy for
household usage in countries such as Germany, Denmark, Spain and Brazil,
in terms of technical requirements for electrical generation and grid
connection at low voltage. In Brazil about 70% of the electricity comes
from hydropower and around 50% of its automobiles run on renewable
biofuel, which results in a low per capita emission. The country however
faces some tough barriers to overcome in order to implement household
generation from renewable sources. These will be discussed in due
course. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
@article{WOS:000297454200018,
abstract = {The growth of energy consumption, the ever extensive use of conventional
fossil fuels from exhaustible resources and concerns about the
environment have led to the development of sustainable renewable energy
as a necessary global requirement. Today, the trend in the electrical
sector is the generation of electrical power at low voltage. Distributed
generation at low voltage enables consumers to contribute to the
country's energy mix system without large investments by governments.
This means that dwellers are able to produce and inject electrical power
into the grid thus enjoying the status of energy producer and also
reducing the burden on the national electrical grid system. In order for
this system to produce high quality energy in a safe and coordinated
manner, stringent health & safety and technical measures must be
implemented. Moreover, such systems require strong legal support and
well-established contracts. Technical training of personnel,
implementation of well established planned/corrective maintenance
systems and electrical spare part availability are also crucial to the
reliability and long term operation of such systems. The aims of the
paper are to present the basis for development of renewable energy for
household usage in countries such as Germany, Denmark, Spain and Brazil,
in terms of technical requirements for electrical generation and grid
connection at low voltage. In Brazil about 70% of the electricity comes
from hydropower and around 50% of its automobiles run on renewable
biofuel, which results in a low per capita emission. The country however
faces some tough barriers to overcome in order to implement household
generation from renewable sources. These will be discussed in due
course. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
added-at = {2022-05-23T20:00:14.000+0200},
address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND},
author = {Leao, R P S and Barroso, G C and Sampaio, R F and Almada, J B and Lima, C F P and Rego, M C O and Antunes, F L M},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/22c60fb5e8d838bcd04000d1ac380dc4c/ppgfis_ufc_br},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijepes.2011.06.036},
interhash = {99c150e0fbb6555b6a13260474dfb4d2},
intrahash = {2c60fb5e8d838bcd04000d1ac380dc4c},
issn = {0142-0615},
journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS},
keywords = {Low Policies; Regulation; Renewables distributed energies} generation; producers; size voltage {Small},
number = 8,
pages = {1506-1512},
publisher = {ELSEVIER SCI LTD},
pubstate = {published},
timestamp = {2022-05-23T20:00:14.000+0200},
title = {The future of low voltage networks: Moving from passive to active},
tppubtype = {article},
volume = 33,
year = 2011
}