When we make saccadic eye movements or goal-directed arm
movements, there is an infinite number of possible trajectories
that the eye or arm could take to reach the target1,2. However,
humans show highly stereotyped trajectories in which velocity
profiles of both the eye and hand are smooth and symmetric for
brief movements3,4. Here we present a unifying theory of eye and
arm movements based on the single physiological assumption
that the neural control signals are corrupted by noise whose
variance increases with the size of the control signal. We propose
that in the presence of such signal-dependent noise, the shape of
a
trajectory is selected to minimize the variance of the final eye or
arm position. This minimum-variance theory accurately predicts
the trajectories of both saccades and arm movements and the
speedaccuracy trade-off described by Fitts law5. These profiles
are robust to changes in the dynamics of the eye or arm, as found
empirically6,7. Moreover, the relation between path curvature and
hand velocity during drawing movements reproduces the empirical
two-thirds power law8,9. This theory provides a simple and
powerful unifying perspective for both eye and arm movement
control.
%0 Journal Article
%1 Harris:1998
%A Harris, Christopher M.
%A Wolpert, Daniel M.
%D 1998
%J Nature
%K control dependend eye fitts law, minimum movements, noise, optimal optimization, power saccadic signal simulation, theory third two variance
%P 780-784
%T Signal-dependent noise determines motor planning
%V 394
%X When we make saccadic eye movements or goal-directed arm
movements, there is an infinite number of possible trajectories
that the eye or arm could take to reach the target1,2. However,
humans show highly stereotyped trajectories in which velocity
profiles of both the eye and hand are smooth and symmetric for
brief movements3,4. Here we present a unifying theory of eye and
arm movements based on the single physiological assumption
that the neural control signals are corrupted by noise whose
variance increases with the size of the control signal. We propose
that in the presence of such signal-dependent noise, the shape of
a
trajectory is selected to minimize the variance of the final eye or
arm position. This minimum-variance theory accurately predicts
the trajectories of both saccades and arm movements and the
speedaccuracy trade-off described by Fitts law5. These profiles
are robust to changes in the dynamics of the eye or arm, as found
empirically6,7. Moreover, the relation between path curvature and
hand velocity during drawing movements reproduces the empirical
two-thirds power law8,9. This theory provides a simple and
powerful unifying perspective for both eye and arm movement
control.
@article{Harris:1998,
abstract = {When we make saccadic eye movements or goal-directed arm
movements, there is an infinite number of possible trajectories
that the eye or arm could take to reach the target1,2. However,
humans show highly stereotyped trajectories in which velocity
profiles of both the eye and hand are smooth and symmetric for
brief movements3,4. Here we present a unifying theory of eye and
arm movements based on the single physiological assumption
that the neural control signals are corrupted by noise whose
variance increases with the size of the control signal. We propose
that in the presence of such signal-dependent noise, the shape of
a
trajectory is selected to minimize the variance of the final eye or
arm position. This minimum-variance theory accurately predicts
the trajectories of both saccades and arm movements and the
speedaccuracy trade-off described by Fitts law5. These profiles
are robust to changes in the dynamics of the eye or arm, as found
empirically6,7. Moreover, the relation between path curvature and
hand velocity during drawing movements reproduces the empirical
two-thirds power law8,9. This theory provides a simple and
powerful unifying perspective for both eye and arm movement
control.},
added-at = {2009-06-26T15:25:19.000+0200},
author = {Harris, Christopher M. and Wolpert, Daniel M.},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/22e2f2f8692d55f427f3fa1d6a6e1f4ba/butz},
comment = {Verschiedene Simulationen belegen, dass Auge und Handbewegungen nach
der endpunkt varianz und nicht nach zeit oder jerk optimiert werden.},
description = {diverse cognitive systems bib},
interhash = {2e097ea83a3a2a95bf0b384d957a1ac2},
intrahash = {2e2f2f8692d55f427f3fa1d6a6e1f4ba},
journal = {Nature},
keywords = {control dependend eye fitts law, minimum movements, noise, optimal optimization, power saccadic signal simulation, theory third two variance},
owner = {martin},
pages = {780-784},
timestamp = {2009-06-26T15:25:33.000+0200},
title = {Signal-dependent noise determines motor planning},
volume = 394,
year = 1998
}