%0 Book Section %1 citeulike:12474786 %A Shareghi Najar, Amir %A Mitrovic, Antonija %B Artificial Intelligence in Education %D 2013 %E Lane, H. Chad %E Yacef, Kalina %E Mostow, Jack %E Pavlik, Philip %I Springer Berlin Heidelberg %K examples %P 339--348 %R 10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_35 %T Examples and Tutored Problems: How Can Self-Explanation Make a Difference to Learning? %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_35 %V 7926 %X Learning from worked examples has been shown to be superior to unsupported problem solving in numerous studies. Examples reduce the cognitive load on the learner's working memory, thus helping the student to learn faster or deal with more complex questions. Only recently researchers started investigating the worked example effect in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs). We conducted a study to investigate the effect of using worked examples in combination with supported problem-solving in SQL-Tutor. We had three conditions: Examples Only (EO), Problems Only (PO), and Alternating Examples/Problems (AEP). After completing a problem, students received a self-explanation prompt that focused on the concepts used in the problem, to make sure that students acquire conceptual knowledge. On the other hand, examples were followed by self-explanation prompts that focused on procedural knowledge. The study showed that the AEP and PO conditions outperformed EO in learning gain, while AEP outperformed PO in conceptual knowledge acquisition. Therefore, interleaving examples with supported problems is an optimal choice compared to using examples or supported problems only in SQL-Tutor.

@incollection{citeulike:12474786, abstract = {{Learning from worked examples has been shown to be superior to unsupported problem solving in numerous studies. Examples reduce the cognitive load on the learner's working memory, thus helping the student to learn faster or deal with more complex questions. Only recently researchers started investigating the worked example effect in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs). We conducted a study to investigate the effect of using worked examples in combination with supported problem-solving in SQL-Tutor. We had three conditions: Examples Only (EO), Problems Only (PO), and Alternating Examples/Problems (AEP). After completing a problem, students received a self-explanation prompt that focused on the concepts used in the problem, to make sure that students acquire conceptual knowledge. On the other hand, examples were followed by self-explanation prompts that focused on procedural knowledge. The study showed that the AEP and PO conditions outperformed EO in learning gain, while AEP outperformed PO in conceptual knowledge acquisition. Therefore, interleaving examples with supported problems is an optimal choice compared to using examples or supported problems only in SQL-Tutor.}}, added-at = {2017-11-15T17:02:25.000+0100}, author = {Shareghi Najar, Amir and Mitrovic, Antonija}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/25b66136ee44c2dac83c4f1c7e73db69d/brusilovsky}, booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education}, citeulike-article-id = {12474786}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_35}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_35}, comment = {Worked-out examples might need different explanations - conceptual vs, procedural (what instead of how) A study shows that examples might not be as good in SQL as in algebra}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_35}, editor = {Lane, H. Chad and Yacef, Kalina and Mostow, Jack and Pavlik, Philip}, interhash = {c04e4590049c6859b63a9b160711e4fe}, intrahash = {5b66136ee44c2dac83c4f1c7e73db69d}, keywords = {examples}, pages = {339--348}, posted-at = {2013-07-11 23:37:30}, priority = {2}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, timestamp = {2017-11-15T17:02:25.000+0100}, title = {{Examples and Tutored Problems: How Can Self-Explanation Make a Difference to Learning?}}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_35}, volume = 7926, year = 2013 }