@article{Xu2016443,
  abstract = {Summary Upon sensing cytoplasmic retroviral \{DNA\} in infected cells, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) produces the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP, which activates \{STING\} to trigger a type I interferon (IFN) response. We find that membrane fusion-inducing contact between donor cells expressing the \{HIV\} envelope (Env) and primary macrophages endogenously expressing the \{HIV\} receptor \{CD4\} and coreceptor enable intercellular transfer of cGAMP. This cGAMP exchange results in STING-dependent antiviral \{IFN\} responses in target macrophages and protection from \{HIV\} infection. Furthermore, under conditions allowing cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1, infected primary T cells, but not cell-free virions, deliver cGAMP to autologous macrophages through HIV-1 Env and CD4/coreceptor-mediated membrane fusion sites and induce a STING-dependent, but cGAS-independent, \{IFN\} response in target cells. Collectively, these findings identify an infection-specific mode of horizontal transfer of cGAMP between primary immune cells that may boost antiviral responses, particularly in infected tissues in which cell-to-cell transmission of virions exceeds cell-free infection. },
  added-at = {2016-10-17T13:10:24.000+0200},
  author = {Xu, S and Ducroux, A and Ponnurangam, A and Vieyres, G and Franz, S and Müsken, M and Zillinger, T and Malassa, A and Ewald, E and Hornung, V and Barchet, W and Häussler, S and Pietschmann, T and Goffinet, C},
  biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ce961f5d92817b29bdcf28439506a8ab/pietschmann},
  editor = {Microbe, Cell Host},
  interhash = {e7eda3700255c4cf2d8ba20d390730ce},
  intrahash = {ce961f5d92817b29bdcf28439506a8ab},
  journal = {Cell Host & Microbe },
  keywords = {pietschmann},
  number = 4,
  pages = {443-457},
  pubmedurl = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27736643},
  timestamp = {2016-10-17T13:10:24.000+0200},
  title = {cGAS-Mediated Innate Immunity Spreads Intercellularly through HIV-1 Env-Induced Membrane Fusion Sites },
  volume = 20,
  year = 2016
}