The relationship between the genotype and the phenotype, or the genotype-phenotype map, is generally approached with the tools of multivariate quantitative genetics and morphometrics. Whereas studies of development and mathematical models of development may offer new insights into the genotype-phenotype map, the challenge is to make them useful at the level of microevolution. Here we report a computational model of mammalian tooth development that combines parameters of genetic and cellular interactions to produce a three-dimensional tooth from a simple tooth primordia. We systematically tinkered with each of the model parameters to generate phenotypic variation and used geometric morphometric analyses to identify, or developmentally ordinate, parameters best explaining population-level variation of real teeth. To model the full range of developmentally possible morphologies, we used a population sample of ringed seals (Phoca hispida ladogensis). Seal dentitions show a high degree of variation, typically linked to the lack of exact occlusion. Our model suggests that despite the complexity of development and teeth, there may be a simple basis for dental variation. Changes in single parameters regulating signalling during cusp development may explain shape variation among individuals, whereas a parameter regulating epithelial growth may explain serial, tooth-to-tooth variation along the jaw. Our study provides a step towards integrating the genotype, development and the phenotype.
%0 Journal Article
%1 SalazarCiudad2010Computational
%A Salazar-Ciudad, Isaac
%A Jernvall, Jukka
%D 2010
%I Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
%J Nature
%K design-principles development evolution
%N 7288
%P 583--586
%R 10.1038/nature08838
%T A computational model of teeth and the developmental origins of morphological variation
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08838
%V 464
%X The relationship between the genotype and the phenotype, or the genotype-phenotype map, is generally approached with the tools of multivariate quantitative genetics and morphometrics. Whereas studies of development and mathematical models of development may offer new insights into the genotype-phenotype map, the challenge is to make them useful at the level of microevolution. Here we report a computational model of mammalian tooth development that combines parameters of genetic and cellular interactions to produce a three-dimensional tooth from a simple tooth primordia. We systematically tinkered with each of the model parameters to generate phenotypic variation and used geometric morphometric analyses to identify, or developmentally ordinate, parameters best explaining population-level variation of real teeth. To model the full range of developmentally possible morphologies, we used a population sample of ringed seals (Phoca hispida ladogensis). Seal dentitions show a high degree of variation, typically linked to the lack of exact occlusion. Our model suggests that despite the complexity of development and teeth, there may be a simple basis for dental variation. Changes in single parameters regulating signalling during cusp development may explain shape variation among individuals, whereas a parameter regulating epithelial growth may explain serial, tooth-to-tooth variation along the jaw. Our study provides a step towards integrating the genotype, development and the phenotype.
@article{SalazarCiudad2010Computational,
abstract = {The relationship between the genotype and the phenotype, or the genotype-phenotype map, is generally approached with the tools of multivariate quantitative genetics and morphometrics. Whereas studies of development and mathematical models of development may offer new insights into the genotype-phenotype map, the challenge is to make them useful at the level of microevolution. Here we report a computational model of mammalian tooth development that combines parameters of genetic and cellular interactions to produce a three-dimensional tooth from a simple tooth primordia. We systematically tinkered with each of the model parameters to generate phenotypic variation and used geometric morphometric analyses to identify, or developmentally ordinate, parameters best explaining population-level variation of real teeth. To model the full range of developmentally possible morphologies, we used a population sample of ringed seals (Phoca hispida ladogensis). Seal dentitions show a high degree of variation, typically linked to the lack of exact occlusion. Our model suggests that despite the complexity of development and teeth, there may be a simple basis for dental variation. Changes in single parameters regulating signalling during cusp development may explain shape variation among individuals, whereas a parameter regulating epithelial growth may explain serial, tooth-to-tooth variation along the jaw. Our study provides a step towards integrating the genotype, development and the phenotype.},
added-at = {2018-12-02T16:09:07.000+0100},
author = {Salazar-Ciudad, Isaac and Jernvall, Jukka},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d73496e96425df9ce2e4dc60a8f28285/karthikraman},
citeulike-article-id = {6845556},
citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08838},
citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08838},
citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20220757},
citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=20220757},
day = 25,
doi = {10.1038/nature08838},
interhash = {b42abb3e99e9b5dbc5e332c323740e34},
intrahash = {d73496e96425df9ce2e4dc60a8f28285},
issn = {1476-4687},
journal = {Nature},
keywords = {design-principles development evolution},
month = mar,
number = 7288,
pages = {583--586},
pmid = {20220757},
posted-at = {2011-02-08 17:00:14},
priority = {2},
publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved},
timestamp = {2018-12-02T16:09:07.000+0100},
title = {A computational model of teeth and the developmental origins of morphological variation},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08838},
volume = 464,
year = 2010
}