%0 Journal Article %1 bescos_nitrate_2025 %A Bescos, Raul %A Gallardo-Alfaro, Laura %A Ashor, Ammar %A Rizzolo-Brime, Lucia %A Siervo, Mario %A Casas-Agustench, Patricia %D 2025 %J Free Radical Biology and Medicine %K grapp-caib %P 70--83 %R 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.11.010 %T Nitrate and nitrite bioavailability in plasma and saliva: Their association with blood pressure — A systematic review and meta-analysis %U https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891584924010335 %V 226 %X In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine plasma and salivary nitrate (NO3−) and nitrite (NO2−) concentrations under resting and fasting conditions in different type of individuals and their association with blood pressure levels. A total of 77 studies, involving 1918 individuals aged 19–74 years (males = 906; females = 1012), which measured plasma and/or salivary NO3− and NO2− using the chemiluminescence technique, were included. Mean plasma NO3− and NO2− concentrations were 33.9 μmol/L and 158.3 nmol/L, respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed lower plasma NO3− and NO2− concentrations in individuals with cardiometabolic risk (NO3−: 21.2 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 13.4–29.0; NO2−: 122.8 nmol/L; 95 \% CI, 75.3–138.9) compared to healthy (NO3−: 33.9 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 29.9–37.9; NO2−: 159.5 nmol/L; 95 \% CI, 131.8–187.1; P \textless 0.01) and trained individuals (NO3−: 43.0 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 13.2–72.9; NO2−: 199.3 nmol/L; 95 \% CI, 117.6–281; P \textless 0.01). Mean salivary NO3− and NO2− concentrations were 546.2 μmol/L and 197.8 μmol/L, respectively. Salivary NO3−, but no NO2−, concentrations were higher in individuals with cardiometabolic risk (680.0 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 510.2–849.8; P = 0.001) compared to healthy individuals (535.9 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 384.2–687.6). A significant positive association (coefficient, 15.4 95 \% CI, 0.255 to 30.5, P = 0.046) was observed between salivary NO3− and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). These findings suggest that the health status is positively associated with plasma NO3− and NO2− concentrations, but the circulatory levels of these anions are not associated with blood pressure. Only salivary NO3− showed a significant positive association with DBP.

@article{bescos_nitrate_2025, abstract = {In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine plasma and salivary nitrate (NO3−) and nitrite (NO2−) concentrations under resting and fasting conditions in different type of individuals and their association with blood pressure levels. A total of 77 studies, involving 1918 individuals aged 19–74 years (males = 906; females = 1012), which measured plasma and/or salivary NO3− and NO2− using the chemiluminescence technique, were included. Mean plasma NO3− and NO2− concentrations were 33.9 μmol/L and 158.3 nmol/L, respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed lower plasma NO3− and NO2− concentrations in individuals with cardiometabolic risk (NO3−: 21.2 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 13.4–29.0; NO2−: 122.8 nmol/L; 95 \% CI, 75.3–138.9) compared to healthy (NO3−: 33.9 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 29.9–37.9; NO2−: 159.5 nmol/L; 95 \% CI, 131.8–187.1; P {\textless} 0.01) and trained individuals (NO3−: 43.0 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 13.2–72.9; NO2−: 199.3 nmol/L; 95 \% CI, 117.6–281; P {\textless} 0.01). Mean salivary NO3− and NO2− concentrations were 546.2 μmol/L and 197.8 μmol/L, respectively. Salivary NO3−, but no NO2−, concentrations were higher in individuals with cardiometabolic risk (680.0 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 510.2–849.8; P = 0.001) compared to healthy individuals (535.9 μmol/L; 95 \% CI, 384.2–687.6). A significant positive association (coefficient, 15.4 [95 \% CI, 0.255 to 30.5], P = 0.046) was observed between salivary NO3− and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). These findings suggest that the health status is positively associated with plasma NO3− and NO2− concentrations, but the circulatory levels of these anions are not associated with blood pressure. Only salivary NO3− showed a significant positive association with DBP.}, added-at = {2026-05-06T13:33:08.000+0200}, author = {Bescos, Raul and Gallardo-Alfaro, Laura and Ashor, Ammar and Rizzolo-Brime, Lucia and Siervo, Mario and Casas-Agustench, Patricia}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f62b51c9448b9275c1500115f33573fb/nachoricci}, doi = {10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.11.010}, interhash = {d13712930d0b97e5f9c9ef2594206f78}, intrahash = {f62b51c9448b9275c1500115f33573fb}, issn = {0891-5849}, journal = {Free Radical Biology and Medicine}, keywords = {grapp-caib}, month = jan, pages = {70--83}, shorttitle = {Nitrate and nitrite bioavailability in plasma and saliva}, timestamp = {2026-05-06T13:33:08.000+0200}, title = {Nitrate and nitrite bioavailability in plasma and saliva: {Their} association with blood pressure — {A} systematic review and meta-analysis}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891584924010335}, urldate = {2026-05-05}, volume = 226, year = 2025 }