Article,

Shallow-water acoustics

, and .
Physics Today, 57 (10): 55--61 (2004)
DOI: 10.1063/1.1825269

Abstract

During the two world wars, oceanographers studied both shallow- and deep-water acoustics. But during the cold war the research emphasis shifted abruptly to deep water, where the ballistic missile submarine threat lurked. After the cold war the onset of regional conflicts in coastal countries shifted the focus again to shallow water. Those waters encompass about 5\% of the world's oceans on the continental shelves, roughly the region from the beach to the shelf break, where water depths are about 200 meters.

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