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The Dust Attenuation of Star-forming Galaxies at $z\sim3$ and Beyond: New Insights from ALMA Observations

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(2017)cite arxiv:1705.01559Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to MNRAS.

Abstract

We present results on the dust attenuation of galaxies at redshift $\sim3-6$ by studying the relationship between the UV spectral slope ($\beta_UV$) and the infrared excess (IRX; $L_IR$/$L_UV$) using ALMA far-infrared continuum observations. Our study is based on a sample of 67 massive, star-forming galaxies with a median mass of $M_\ast\sim 10^10.7\,M_ødot$ spanning a redshift range $z=2.6-3.7$ (median $z=3.2$) that were observed with ALMA band-6. Both the individual ALMA detections (41 sources) and stacks including all galaxies show the IRX-$\beta_UV$ relationship at $z\sim3$ is mostly consistent with that of local starburst galaxies on average. However, we find evidence for a large dispersion around the mean relationship by up to $\pm0.5$ dex. Nevertheless, the locally calibrated dust correction factors based on the IRX-$\beta_\rm UV$ relation are on average applicable to main-sequence $z\sim3$ galaxies. This does not appear to be the case at even higher redshifts, however. Using public ALMA observations of $z\sim4-6$ galaxies we find evidence for a significant evolution in the IRX-$\beta_UV$ and the IRX-$M_\ast$ relations beyond $z\sim3$ toward lower IRX values. We discuss several caveats that could affect these results, including the assumed dust temperature. ALMA observations of larger $z>3$ galaxy samples will be required to confirm this intriguing redshift evolution.

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