Article,
Improving seismic resolution through array processing techniques
Surveys in Geophysics, 30 (4): 271--299 (Oct 1, 2009)
DOI: 10.1007/s10712-009-9070-6
Abstract
Seismic arrays, first introduced in the late 1950s to detect underground
nuclear explosions, have helped to improve our knowledge about the
structure of the Earth for the last 40 years. During these years,
numerous array processing methods have been developed that use the
high signal coherence and accurate timing of array data to generate
high-resolution images of Earth structure. Here, we present an overview
of resolution issues related to seismic array studies of Earth structure
by first introducing basic array processing techniques and then discussing
more advanced techniques applied to array data recently. The increase
of seismic stations deployed in experiments or permanently in many
regions of the globe allows a much denser sampling of the seismic
wave field. This dense sampling enables the adaptation of controlled
source analysis techniques for the study of Earth structure using
earthquakes with higher resolution than previously possible. Here
we will discuss different migration methods of teleseismic data that
use the incidence angle information of scattered arrivals to obtain
images of Earth structure. Finally, we show data examples how these
methods can be used to increase our knowledge of the structure of
the Earth's deep interior.
