%0 Journal Article %1 AENM:AENM201702019 %A Shao, Shuyan %A Liu, Jian %A Portale, Giuseppe %A Fang, Hong-Hua %A Blake, Graeme R. %A ten Brink, Gert H. %A Koster, L. Jan Anton %A Loi, Maria Antonietta %D 2017 %J Advanced Energy Materials %K active_layer new_material perovskite %P n/a--n/a %R 10.1002/aenm.201702019 %T Highly Reproducible Sn-Based Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells with 9% Efficiency %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702019 %X The low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of tin-based hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) is mainly attributed to the high background carrier density due to a high density of intrinsic defects such as Sn vacancies and oxidized species (Sn4+) that characterize Sn-based HPSCs. Herein, this study reports on the successful reduction of the background carrier density by more than one order of magnitude by depositing near-single-crystalline formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) films with the orthorhombic a-axis in the out-of-plane direction. Using these highly crystalline films, obtained by mixing a very small amount (0.08 m) of layered (2D) Sn perovskite with 0.92 m (3D) FASnI3, for the first time a PCE as high as 9.0% in a planar p–i–n device structure is achieved. These devices display negligible hysteresis and light soaking, as they benefit from very low trap-assisted recombination, low shunt losses, and more efficient charge collection. This represents a 50% improvement in PCE compared to the best reference cell based on a pure FASnI3 film using SnF2 as a reducing agent. Moreover, the 2D/3D-based HPSCs show considerable improved stability due to the enhanced robustness of the perovskite film compared to the reference cell.

@article{AENM:AENM201702019, abstract = {The low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of tin-based hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) is mainly attributed to the high background carrier density due to a high density of intrinsic defects such as Sn vacancies and oxidized species (Sn4+) that characterize Sn-based HPSCs. Herein, this study reports on the successful reduction of the background carrier density by more than one order of magnitude by depositing near-single-crystalline formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) films with the orthorhombic a-axis in the out-of-plane direction. Using these highly crystalline films, obtained by mixing a very small amount (0.08 m) of layered (2D) Sn perovskite with 0.92 m (3D) FASnI3, for the first time a PCE as high as 9.0% in a planar p–i–n device structure is achieved. These devices display negligible hysteresis and light soaking, as they benefit from very low trap-assisted recombination, low shunt losses, and more efficient charge collection. This represents a 50% improvement in PCE compared to the best reference cell based on a pure FASnI3 film using SnF2 as a reducing agent. Moreover, the 2D/3D-based HPSCs show considerable improved stability due to the enhanced robustness of the perovskite film compared to the reference cell.}, added-at = {2017-11-14T13:00:10.000+0100}, author = {Shao, Shuyan and Liu, Jian and Portale, Giuseppe and Fang, Hong-Hua and Blake, Graeme R. and ten Brink, Gert H. and Koster, L. Jan Anton and Loi, Maria Antonietta}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ad800b06ec03be89035c00316a28bd17/bretschneider_m}, doi = {10.1002/aenm.201702019}, interhash = {d5ce70538b798e9627f6af5d5964b47c}, intrahash = {ad800b06ec03be89035c00316a28bd17}, issn = {1614-6840}, journal = {Advanced Energy Materials}, keywords = {active_layer new_material perovskite}, pages = {n/a--n/a}, timestamp = {2017-11-14T13:00:10.000+0100}, title = {Highly Reproducible Sn-Based Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells with 9% Efficiency}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702019}, year = 2017 }