Abstract
The aim of this study was to encapsulate lapachone (beta-lap) or
inclusion complex (beta-lap:HP beta-CD) in liposomes and to evaluate
their physicochemical characteristics. In addition, the investigation of
the main aspects of the interaction between beta-lap and
2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP beta-CD), using both experimental
and molecular modeling approaches was discussed. Furthermore, the in
vitro drug release kinetics was evaluated. First, a phase solubility
study of beta-lap in HP beta-CD was performed and the beta-lap:HP
beta-CD was prepared by the freeze-drying technique. A 302-fold increase
of solubility was achieved for beta-lap in HP beta-CD solution with a
constant of association K-1:1 of 961 M-1 and a complexation efficiency
of beta-lap of 0.1538. H-1 NMR, TG, DSC, IR, Raman and SEM indicated a
change in the molecular environment of beta-lap in the inclusion
complex. Molecular modeling confirms these results suggesting that
beta-lap was included in the cavity of HP beta-CD, with an
intermolecular interaction energy of -23.67 kJ mol(-1). beta-lap:HP
beta-CD and beta-lap-loaded liposomes presented encapsulation
efficiencies of 93% and 97%, respectively. The kinetic rate constants
of 183.95 +/- 1.82 mu g/h and 216.25 +/- 2.34 mu g/h were calculated for
beta-lap and beta-lap:HP beta-CD-loaded liposomes, respectively. In
conclusion, molecular modeling elucidates the formation of the inclusion
complex, stabilized through hydrogen bonds, and the encapsulation of
beta-lap and beta-lap:HP beta-CD into liposomes could provide an
alternative means leading eventually to its use in cancer research. (C)
2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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