Article,

Spatially structured photons that travel in free space slower than the speed of light

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Science, 347 (6224): 857--860 (Feb 20, 2015)
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa3035

Abstract

We are taught that the speed of light in free space is one of the universal physical constants: c. Giovannini et al. now show that there are certain conditions under which such certainty can be broken (see the Perspective by Sambles). Adding spatial structure to an optical beam of single photons reduced the speed of light. The magnitude of the decrease depended on the complexity of the structure imprinted onto the photons.

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