Abstract
Observations of the afterglows of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) allow the
study of star-forming galaxies across most of cosmic history. Here we present
observations of GRB 111008A from which we can measure abundance patterns,
metallicity, dust content and extinction of the GRB host galaxy (z=5.0) as well
as a Damped Lyman-alpha Absorber (DLA) galaxy along the line of sight (z=4.6).
These systems have column densities of log N =22.30 +/- 0.06 and 21.34 +/-
0.10, respectively. The GRB host galaxy has a metallicity of 2% solar (based on
sulfur), and a lower limit of the metallicity for the intervening DLA is 3%
(based on silicon). For the intervening absorber we also measure
-1.73<Fe/H<-1.09, but the true metallicity can be higher, because it is
unclear how much the abundances are affected by dust depletion. The presence
and variability of fine-structure lines confirms the z=5.0 system as the GRB
host. This is the highest redshift where Fe II fine-structure lines have been
detected. The afterglow is only mildly reddened with A_V = 0.11 +/- 0.04 mag,
and the host galaxy has a dust-to-metals ratio which is consistent with being
equal to or lower than typical values in the Local Group.
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