Abstract
In this review we give a detailed description of the recently developed
helium-3 spin-echo technique and its application to several classes
of surface dynamic measurements. We review existing surface dynamical
probes briefly and illustrate the need for new experimental tools
that measure on nanoscale distances and over picosecond timescales.
We then describe the helium-3 spin-echo method, which is one such
tool, together with the approaches used to describe such measurements
and the instrumentation developed to realise its application. The
main application of helium-3 spin-echo is the study of surface dynamics,
hence we review the approaches which have been established to interpret
dynamical data and the signatures for various forms of motion, before
going on to summarise the experimental studies to date. We also describe
Fourier transform atom spectroscopy, a new method for measuring elastic
and resonant scattering that is facilitated by the availability of
spin-echo instruments. Finally, we look towards future scientific
challenges for the technique.
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