Article,

Finite-temperature field theory

, and .
J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., (1989)

Abstract

In relativistic theories particle number is not conserved (although both lepton and baryon number are). Therefore when discussing the thermodynamics of a quantum field theory one uses the grand canonical formalism: the entropy S is maximised, keeping fixed the ensemble averages E and N of energy and lepton or baryon number. To implement these constraints two Lagrange multipliers are introduced, beta =1/kT and mu the chemical potential.

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