Abstract
Cross-well seismic data from the Mallik 2002 project were analyzed
using ray-based tomographic reconstruction algorithms. Images of
the P-wave velocity, the P-wave anisotropy, and the P-wave attenuation
(Qp-1) structures are reconstructed from the picked arrival times
and from ray-path-averaged attenuation values. The reconstructed
horizontal P-wave velocities are generally 10 to 20\% faster than
the vertical velocities. The reconstructed isotropic P-wave velocities
correspond to the average of the horizontal and vertical velocities.
The reconstructions image the delta-front - shallow-marine Mackenzie
Bay Sequence and the underlying fluviodeltaic Kugmallit Sequence.
The tomograms are dominated by the effects of the gas hydrate deposits,
which cause elevated seismic velocities. The location of laminated
silt is correlated with increased velocity anisotropy. A combination
of high velocities and strong attenuation (Qp<15) is observed in
sediments with the highest gas hydrate saturation, which provides
constraints on models for the microscopic structure of the deposits.
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