%0 Journal Article %1 krauss_dark_1986 %A Krauss, Lawrence M. %D 1986 %J Scientific American %K SummerStudentReadList09 article clusters constant cosmology dark digital evolution galactic galaxies hubble matter motions planetary rotation simulation spiral stellar %P 58--68 %T Dark matter in the universe %U http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986SciAm.255...58K %V 255 %X Current estimates are that only a fraction of the mass of galaxies can be detected by existing instrumentation. Present mass-luminosity ratios for the observable universe yield only an estimated 20 percent of the mass needed to close the universe. Analytical techniques are reviewed which have been developed to treat data on galaxies which are in a state of equilibrium that cannot be attained without more mass than is observed. Models of an early universe in which fluctuations led to the formation of galaxies are discussed to demonstrate that a new form of matter is needed to account for observed galactic forms which straightforward gravitational considerations cannot. Problems with neutrinos as the missing matter are noted, and the potential usefulness of axions, photinos and cosmic strings as new candidates for the missing matter is explored.

@article{krauss_dark_1986, abstract = {Current estimates are that only a fraction of the mass of galaxies can be detected by existing instrumentation. Present mass-luminosity ratios for the observable universe yield only an estimated 20 percent of the mass needed to close the universe. Analytical techniques are reviewed which have been developed to treat data on galaxies which are in a state of equilibrium that cannot be attained without more mass than is observed. Models of an early universe in which fluctuations led to the formation of galaxies are discussed to demonstrate that a new form of matter is needed to account for observed galactic forms which straightforward gravitational considerations cannot. Problems with neutrinos as the missing matter are noted, and the potential usefulness of axions, photinos and cosmic strings as new candidates for the missing matter is explored.}, added-at = {2009-07-03T16:37:22.000+0200}, author = {Krauss, Lawrence M.}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f23077a1d15172ef9082de3cf071ded1/cernlibrary}, interhash = {1d323f4e35a5afaabb7d89b69365aa16}, intrahash = {f23077a1d15172ef9082de3cf071ded1}, journal = {Scientific American}, keywords = {SummerStudentReadList09 article clusters constant cosmology dark digital evolution galactic galaxies hubble matter motions planetary rotation simulation spiral stellar}, month = {December}, pages = {58--68}, timestamp = {2009-07-24T15:51:58.000+0200}, title = {Dark matter in the universe}, url = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986SciAm.255...58K}, volume = 255, year = 1986 }