%0 Journal Article %1 Nguyen.2009 %A Nguyen, Thanh T. %A Kawasaki, R. %A Wang, J. J. %A Kreis, A. J. %A Shaw, J. %A Vilser, W. %A Wong, T. Y. %D 2009 %J Diabetes care %K (Cholesterol);Adult;Aged;Arterioles/physiology/physiopathology/radiation (Hemoglobin (Triglycerides);57-88-5 0 1/blood/physiopathology;Diabetes 2/blood/physiopathology;Diabetic A, Aged;Reference Factors;Triglycerides/blood;Vasodilation/physiology/*radiation Fusion/*physiology;Hemoglobin Glycosylated);0 Glycosylated/metabolism;Humans;Light;Middle Mellitus, Mellitus/blood/*physiopathology;Diabetes Retinopathy/blood/*physiopathology;Flicker Type Values;Retina/*physiology/radiation WViCo effects effects;Cholesterol/blood;Diabetes effects;Risk effects;Venules/physiology/physiopathology/radiation %N 11 %P 2075--2080 %R 10.2337/dc09-0075 %T Flicker light-induced retinal vasodilation in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy %V 32 %X OBJECTIVE: Flicker light-induced retinal vasodilation may reflect endothelial function in the retinal circulation. We investigated flicker light-induced vasodilation in individuals with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants consisted of 224 individuals with diabetes and 103 nondiabetic control subjects. Flicker light-induced retinal vasodilation (percentage increase over baseline diameter) was measured using the Dynamic Vessel Analyzer. Diabetic retinopathy was graded from retinal photographs. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD age was 56.5 +/- 11.8 years for those with diabetes and 48.0 +/- 16.3 years for control subjects. Mean arteriolar and venular dilation after flicker light stimulation were reduced in participants with diabetes compared with those in control subjects (1.43 +/- 2.10 vs. 3.46 +/- 2.36\%, P < 0.001 for arteriolar and 2.83 +/- 2.10 vs. 3.98 +/- 1.84\%, P < 0.001 for venular dilation). After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, fasting glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, current smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, participants with reduced flicker light-induced vasodilation were more likely to have diabetes (odds ratio 19.7 95\% CI 6.5-59.1, P < 0.001 and 8.14 3.1-21.4, P < 0.001, comparing lowest vs. highest tertile of arteriolar and venular dilation, respectively). Diabetic participants with reduced flicker light-induced vasodilation were more likely to have diabetic retinopathy (2.2 1.2-4.0, P = 0.01 for arteriolar dilation and 2.5 1.3-4.5, P = 0.004 for venular dilation). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced retinal vasodilation after flicker light stimulation is independently associated with diabetes status and, in individuals with diabetes, with diabetic retinopathy. Our findings may therefore support endothelial dysfunction as a pathophysiological mechanism underlying diabetes and its microvascular manifestations.

@article{Nguyen.2009, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Flicker light-induced retinal vasodilation may reflect endothelial function in the retinal circulation. We investigated flicker light-induced vasodilation in individuals with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants consisted of 224 individuals with diabetes and 103 nondiabetic control subjects. Flicker light-induced retinal vasodilation (percentage increase over baseline diameter) was measured using the Dynamic Vessel Analyzer. Diabetic retinopathy was graded from retinal photographs. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD age was 56.5 +/- 11.8 years for those with diabetes and 48.0 +/- 16.3 years for control subjects. Mean arteriolar and venular dilation after flicker light stimulation were reduced in participants with diabetes compared with those in control subjects (1.43 +/- 2.10 vs. 3.46 +/- 2.36{\%}, P < 0.001 for arteriolar and 2.83 +/- 2.10 vs. 3.98 +/- 1.84{\%}, P < 0.001 for venular dilation). After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, fasting glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, current smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, participants with reduced flicker light-induced vasodilation were more likely to have diabetes (odds ratio 19.7 [95{\%} CI 6.5-59.1], P < 0.001 and 8.14 [3.1-21.4], P < 0.001, comparing lowest vs. highest tertile of arteriolar and venular dilation, respectively). Diabetic participants with reduced flicker light-induced vasodilation were more likely to have diabetic retinopathy (2.2 [1.2-4.0], P = 0.01 for arteriolar dilation and 2.5 [1.3-4.5], P = 0.004 for venular dilation). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced retinal vasodilation after flicker light stimulation is independently associated with diabetes status and, in individuals with diabetes, with diabetic retinopathy. Our findings may therefore support endothelial dysfunction as a pathophysiological mechanism underlying diabetes and its microvascular manifestations.}, added-at = {2013-10-10T21:29:09.000+0200}, author = {Nguyen, Thanh T. and Kawasaki, R. and Wang, J. J. and Kreis, A. J. and Shaw, J. and Vilser, W. and Wong, T. Y.}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c7fa28276e26d3b733a5eef0d855003c/imedos}, doi = {10.2337/dc09-0075}, interhash = {da6c33a4181317f3b0279db5f61da596}, intrahash = {c7fa28276e26d3b733a5eef0d855003c}, issn = {0149-5992}, journal = {Diabetes care}, keywords = {(Cholesterol);Adult;Aged;Arterioles/physiology/physiopathology/radiation (Hemoglobin (Triglycerides);57-88-5 0 1/blood/physiopathology;Diabetes 2/blood/physiopathology;Diabetic A, Aged;Reference Factors;Triglycerides/blood;Vasodilation/physiology/*radiation Fusion/*physiology;Hemoglobin Glycosylated);0 Glycosylated/metabolism;Humans;Light;Middle Mellitus, Mellitus/blood/*physiopathology;Diabetes Retinopathy/blood/*physiopathology;Flicker Type Values;Retina/*physiology/radiation WViCo effects effects;Cholesterol/blood;Diabetes effects;Risk effects;Venules/physiology/physiopathology/radiation}, number = 11, pages = {2075--2080}, timestamp = {2013-10-11T01:11:02.000+0200}, title = {Flicker light-induced retinal vasodilation in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy}, volume = 32, year = 2009 }