Abstract
In this third paper of a series dedicated to a dispersive treatment of the
hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) tensor, we derive a partial-wave formulation for
two-pion intermediate states in the HLbL contribution to the anomalous magnetic
moment of the muon \$(g-2)\_\mu\$, including a detailed discussion of the
unitarity relation for arbitrary partial waves. We show that obtaining a final
expression free from unphysical helicity partial waves is a subtle issue, which
we thoroughly clarify. As a by-product, we obtain a set of sum rules that could
be used to constrain future calculations of \$\gamma^*\gamma^*\to\pi\pi\$. We
validate the formalism extensively using the pion-box contribution, defined by
two-pion intermediate states with a pion-pole left-hand cut, and demonstrate
how the full known result is reproduced when resumming the partial waves. Using
dispersive fits to high-statistics data for the pion vector form factor, we
provide an evaluation of the full pion box,
\$a\_\mu^\pi-box=-15.9(2)10^-11\$. As an application of the
partial-wave formalism, we present a first calculation of \$\pi\pi\$-rescattering
effects in HLbL scattering, with \$\gamma^*\gamma^*\to\pi\pi\$ helicity partial
waves constructed dispersively using \$\pi\pi\$ phase shifts derived from the
inverse-amplitude method. In this way, the isospin-\$0\$ part of our calculation
can be interpreted as the contribution of the \$f\_0(500)\$ to HLbL scattering in
\$(g-2)\_\mu\$. We argue that the contribution due to charged-pion rescattering
implements corrections related to the corresponding pion polarizability and
show that these are moderate. Our final result for the sum of pion-box
contribution and its \$S\$-wave rescattering corrections reads
\$a\_\mu^\pi-box + a\_\mu,J=0^\pi\pi,\pi-pole LHC=-24(1)\times
10^-11\$.
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