Abstract
Models of microstructure evolution in steels are reviewed. The emphasis
of the review is on low carbon sheet steels both hot-rolled and cold-rolled
and annealed. First the state-of-the-art on industrial microstructure
process models is presented. The individual model concepts for grain
growth, recrystallization, precipitation and phase transformations
are briefly discussed. The development from empirically-based models
to physically-based models is identified as a key issue to have increased
predictive capabilities for these models over a wider range of steel
grades and operational conditions. The challenges in the development
of the next generation of models are delineated. In particular, new
aspects of microstructure evolution associated with novel processing
routes and advanced high strength steels are evaluated. Further,
the majority of the currently employed models are on the macro-scale
but future microstructure models will increasingly be meso-scale
models that predict actual microstructures rather than a number of
average parameters (e.g. grain size, fraction transformed) to describe
microstructure evolution.
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