Abstract
Concrete is world’s most used material after water
for urban development. Concrete is made up of naturally
occurring material such as Cement, Aggregate and Water.
The cement is major ingredient of concrete and due to rapid
production of cement, various environmental problems are
occurred i.e. Emission of green house gases such as CO2. The
production of Portland cement is energy intensive.
Global warming gas is released when the raw
material of cement, limestone and clay is crushed and heated
in a furnace at high temperature of about 1500’C. Each year
approximately 1.89 billion tons of cement has been produced
world wide.
Every one ton of cement produced lead to about 0.9
tons of CO 2 emission and a typical cubic yard of concrete
contains about 10% by weight of cement. There have been a
number of article/ papers written about reducing the CO2
emission from concrete. Preliminary through the use of lower
amount of cement and higher amount of supplementary
cementanius material such as GGBS.
The researchers are currently found on use of waste
material having cementations properties which can be added
in cement concrete as a partial replacement of cement
without compromising its strength and durability which
result in decreases in cement production thus reduction in
emission in green house gases i.e.CO2.The main purpose of
this research will solve using minimum quantity of cement
and replace balance quantity with other cementanious
material. In addition to that the byproduct of industries will
be utilized which is harmful to environmental also and
management of waste will be easily achieved.
The ground granulated blast furnace slag is a waste
product from iron manufacturing industry which may be
used as partial replacement of cement in concrete due to its
inherent cementanious properties. This paper presents
experimental study of compressive and flexural strength of
concrete prepared with ordinary Portland cement and PPC
partial replaced by GGBS in different proportions varying
from 0 % to 100 %. It is observed from investigation that the
strength of concrete is inversely proportional to the 40% of
replacement of cement with GGBS.
In this research effect of partial replacement of
cement with GGBS on strength development of concrete and
cured under summer and winter curing environments is
established. Three levels of cement substitution i.e., 0% to
100% have been selected. Early-age strength of GGBS
concrete is lower than the normal PC concrete which limits
its use in the fast-track construction and post-tensioned
beams which are subjected to high early loads. The strength
gain under winter curing condition was observed as slower.
By keeping the water cement ratio low as 0.35, concrete
containing GGBS up to 100% can achieve high early-age
strength. GGBS concrete gains more strength than the PC
concrete after the age of 28 day till 90 day. The mechanical
properties of blended concrete for various levels of cement
replacement have been observed as higher than control
concrete mix having no GGBS.
Cement is major constituent material of the
concrete which produced by natural raw material like lime
and silica. Once situation may occurs there will be no lime on
earth for production of cement. This situation leads to think
all people working in construction industry to do research
work on cement replacing material and use of it. Industrial
wastes like Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS)
show chemical properties similar to cement. Use of GGBS as
cement replacement will simultaneously reduces cost of
concrete and help to reduce rate of cement consumption. This
study report of strength analysis of GGBS concrete will give
assurance to encourage people working in the construction
industry for the beneficial use of it.
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