The transverse tubular system (t-system) of cardiac muscle is a structure
that allows rapid propagation of excitation into the cell interior.
Using 2-photon molecular excitation microscopy and digital image-processing
methods, we have obtained a comprehensive overview of the t-system
of rat ventricular myocytes in living cells. We show that it is possible
to quantify the morphology of the t-system in terms of average local
tubule diameter, branching pattern, and local abundance of the t-system
by immersing living myocytes in a dextran-linked fluorescein solution.
Our data suggest that previous electron microscopic examinations
of t-system structure have underestimated both the geometric complexity
of the t-system morphology and the fraction of cell volume occupied
by the t-system (3.6\% in this species). About 40\% of tubules occur
between Z-lines, and the t-tubule diameter is 255+/-0.85 nm (mean+/-SEM).
The t-tubules leave the outer surface of the cell in an approximately
rectangular array; however, at some points junctions between the
t-tubules and the surface membrane are missing. In view of the complexity
of the t-system apparent from our images, we propose that the t-system
be renamed the "sarcolemmal Z rete." The methods presented here are
generally applicable to the quantification of the sarcolemmal Z rete
and other structures within cells by fluorescence microscopy in a
variety of cell types.
%0 Journal Article
%1 Soel_1999_266
%A Soeller, C.
%A Cannell, M. B.
%D 1999
%J Circ. Res.
%K Acetic Acid Acid, Acids, Action Activation, Adaptation, Adenosine Adhesion, Adhesions, Agents, Algorithms, Allergens, Allergic, Alternative Amino Aniline Animals, Antibodies, Antibody Antigens, Antipain, Auditory Biological Biological, Biosensing Bronchi, Butyric Cadherins, Calcium Calcium, Cardiac, Cardiovascular, Carrier Cell Cells, Channels, Cheese, Chelating Cilia, Cochlea, Communication, Comparative Compartmentation, Compounds, Computer Computer-Assisted, Conductivity, Confocal, Connexins, Crystalline, Crystallins, Culture Cultured, Cysteine Dermatophagoides, Desmosomes, Diagnostic Differentiation, Diffusion, Dogs, Dyes, Electric Electrochemistry, Electrophysiology, Endopeptidases, Enzyme Epithelial Epithelium, Epitopes, Ethylenediamines, Feasibility Feces, Feedback, Female, Fluorescein, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate, Fluorescence, Fluorescent Focal Imaging, Impedance, Inhibitors, Line, Membrane Membrane, Perception, Permeability, Potentials, Proteins, Sequence, Signaling, Simulation, Splicing, Stimulation, Studies, Study, Technique, Techniques, Transport, Triphosphate,
%N 3
%P 266-75
%T Examination of the transverse tubular system in living cardiac rat
myocytes by 2-photon microscopy and digital image-processing techniques.
%U http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/84/3/266
%V 84
%X The transverse tubular system (t-system) of cardiac muscle is a structure
that allows rapid propagation of excitation into the cell interior.
Using 2-photon molecular excitation microscopy and digital image-processing
methods, we have obtained a comprehensive overview of the t-system
of rat ventricular myocytes in living cells. We show that it is possible
to quantify the morphology of the t-system in terms of average local
tubule diameter, branching pattern, and local abundance of the t-system
by immersing living myocytes in a dextran-linked fluorescein solution.
Our data suggest that previous electron microscopic examinations
of t-system structure have underestimated both the geometric complexity
of the t-system morphology and the fraction of cell volume occupied
by the t-system (3.6\% in this species). About 40\% of tubules occur
between Z-lines, and the t-tubule diameter is 255+/-0.85 nm (mean+/-SEM).
The t-tubules leave the outer surface of the cell in an approximately
rectangular array; however, at some points junctions between the
t-tubules and the surface membrane are missing. In view of the complexity
of the t-system apparent from our images, we propose that the t-system
be renamed the "sarcolemmal Z rete." The methods presented here are
generally applicable to the quantification of the sarcolemmal Z rete
and other structures within cells by fluorescence microscopy in a
variety of cell types.
@article{Soel_1999_266,
abstract = {The transverse tubular system (t-system) of cardiac muscle is a structure
that allows rapid propagation of excitation into the cell interior.
Using 2-photon molecular excitation microscopy and digital image-processing
methods, we have obtained a comprehensive overview of the t-system
of rat ventricular myocytes in living cells. We show that it is possible
to quantify the morphology of the t-system in terms of average local
tubule diameter, branching pattern, and local abundance of the t-system
by immersing living myocytes in a dextran-linked fluorescein solution.
Our data suggest that previous electron microscopic examinations
of t-system structure have underestimated both the geometric complexity
of the t-system morphology and the fraction of cell volume occupied
by the t-system (3.6\% in this species). About 40\% of tubules occur
between Z-lines, and the t-tubule diameter is 255+/-0.85 nm (mean+/-SEM).
The t-tubules leave the outer surface of the cell in an approximately
rectangular array; however, at some points junctions between the
t-tubules and the surface membrane are missing. In view of the complexity
of the t-system apparent from our images, we propose that the t-system
be renamed the "sarcolemmal Z rete." The methods presented here are
generally applicable to the quantification of the sarcolemmal Z rete
and other structures within cells by fluorescence microscopy in a
variety of cell types.},
added-at = {2009-06-03T11:20:58.000+0200},
author = {Soeller, C. and Cannell, M. B.},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28e46d54d739814aed194a73478ef4c16/hake},
description = {The whole bibliography file I use.},
file = {Soel_1999_266.pdf:Soel_1999_266.pdf:PDF},
interhash = {ded921384b2879a03ad3a153913574af},
intrahash = {8e46d54d739814aed194a73478ef4c16},
journal = {Circ. Res.},
key = 50,
keywords = {Acetic Acid Acid, Acids, Action Activation, Adaptation, Adenosine Adhesion, Adhesions, Agents, Algorithms, Allergens, Allergic, Alternative Amino Aniline Animals, Antibodies, Antibody Antigens, Antipain, Auditory Biological Biological, Biosensing Bronchi, Butyric Cadherins, Calcium Calcium, Cardiac, Cardiovascular, Carrier Cell Cells, Channels, Cheese, Chelating Cilia, Cochlea, Communication, Comparative Compartmentation, Compounds, Computer Computer-Assisted, Conductivity, Confocal, Connexins, Crystalline, Crystallins, Culture Cultured, Cysteine Dermatophagoides, Desmosomes, Diagnostic Differentiation, Diffusion, Dogs, Dyes, Electric Electrochemistry, Electrophysiology, Endopeptidases, Enzyme Epithelial Epithelium, Epitopes, Ethylenediamines, Feasibility Feces, Feedback, Female, Fluorescein, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate, Fluorescence, Fluorescent Focal Imaging, Impedance, Inhibitors, Line, Membrane Membrane, Perception, Permeability, Potentials, Proteins, Sequence, Signaling, Simulation, Splicing, Stimulation, Studies, Study, Technique, Techniques, Transport, Triphosphate,},
month = Feb,
number = 3,
pages = {266-75},
timestamp = {2009-06-03T11:21:31.000+0200},
title = {Examination of the transverse tubular system in living cardiac rat
myocytes by 2-photon microscopy and digital image-processing techniques.},
url = {http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/84/3/266},
volume = 84,
year = 1999
}