Abstract
Experimental genomics involves taking advantage of sequence information
to investigate and understand the workings of genes, cells and organisms.
We have developed an approach in which sequence information is used
directly to design high−density, two−dimensional arrays of synthetic
oligonucleotides. The GeneChip® probe arrays are made using spatially
patterned, light−directed combinatorial chemical synthesis, and contain
up to hundreds of thousands of different oligonucleotides on a small
glass surface. The arrays have been designed and used for quantitative
and highly parallel measurements of gene expression, to discover
polymorphic loci and to detect the presence of thousands of alternative
alleles. Here, we describe the fabrication of the arrays, their design
and some specific applications to high−throughput genetic and cellular
analysis.
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