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Seismic signs of magma pathways through the crust in the Eyjafjallajökull volcano, South Iceland

, , and . VI 2009-013. Vedurstofa Islands / Icelandic Meteorological Office, Reykjavik, Iceland, (December 2009)

Abstract

Earthquakes recorded in Eyjafjallajökull between 1991 and 2006 by the SIL-network are relocated using a double-difference method and their mechanisms are analysed. Three main swarms occurred during this period, in 1994, 1996, and 1999-2000, two of which were accompanied by surface uplift. The relocated seismic distribution forms an overall pipe-like pattern beneath the northern edge of the ice cap, extends through the crust from the crust-mantle boundary and shows the feeder channel in the volcano. During the latter intrusion swarm (1999-2000) seismicity migrated southwards, towards the centre of uplift. The 1996 swarm occurred at the crust-mantle boundary and indicates a period of magma transport up into the crust from the mantle. The fourth seismic swarm, which occurred in 2009, during preparation of this report, is discussed in Appendix II.

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