Cross-Lingual Retrieval Augmented Prompt for Low-Resource Languages
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2023, page 8320--8340. Toronto, Canada, Association for Computational Linguistics, (July 2023)DOI: 10.18653/v1/2023.findings-acl.528
Abstract
Multilingual Pretrained Language Models (MPLMs) perform strongly in cross-lingual transfer. We propose Prompts Augmented by Retrieval Crosslingually (PARC) to improve zero-shot performance on low-resource languages (LRLs) by augmenting the context with prompts consisting of semantically similar sentences retrieved from a high-resource language (HRL). PARC improves zero-shot performance on three downstream tasks (sentiment classification, topic categorization, natural language inference) with multilingual parallel test sets across 10 LRLs covering 6 language families in unlabeled (+5.1\%) and labeled settings (+16.3\%). PARC also outperforms finetuning by 3.7\%. We find a significant positive correlation between cross-lingual transfer performance on one side, and the similarity between high- and low-resource languages as well as the amount of low-resource pretraining data on the other side. A robustness analysis suggests that PARC has the potential to achieve even stronger performance with more powerful MPLMs.