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A unique inventory of ion transporters poises the Venus flytrap to fast-propagating action potentials and calcium waves

, , , , , , , , , and . Current Biology, 32 (19): 4255-+ (2022)7a4iu Times Cited:14 Cited References Count:54.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.051

Abstract

Since the 19th century, it has been known that the carnivorous Venus flytrap is electrically excitable. Never-theless, the mechanism and the molecular entities of the flytrap action potential (AP) remain unknown. When entering the electrically excitable stage, the trap expressed a characteristic inventory of ion transporters, among which the increase in glutamate receptor GLR3.6 RNA was most pronounced. Trigger hair stimulation or glutamate application evoked an AP and a cytoplasmic Ca2+ transient that both propagated at the same speed from the site of induction along the entire trap lobe surface. A priming Ca2+ moiety entering the cytoplasm in the context of the AP was further potentiated by an organelle-localized calcium-induced calcium release (CICR)-like system prolonging the Ca2+ signal. While the Ca2+ transient persisted, SKOR K+ channels and AHA H+-ATPases repolarized the AP already. By counting the number of APs and long-lasting Ca2+ transients, the trap directs the different steps in the carnivorous plant's hunting cycle.

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