Analysis of neuroelectric implant integrity.
Stereotact Funct Neurosurg, 52 (1):
63--71 (1989)Abstract
A 10-year follow-up study of neuroelectric implant integrity has been completed for 27 subjects who were treated for movement disorders associated with cerebral palsy. Data used for analysis included X-ray material, clinical data, and results from electrophysiological testing. Of the 21 subjects with subcutaneous receivers placed in the thoracic region, 81\% experienced wire (67\%) or receiver (14\%) failure. Of the 6 subjects with subcutaneous receivers placed in the occipital region, there were no wire failures and one (17\%) receiver failure. The occipital units lasted a minimum of 5.2 years without complications, whereas the thoracic units failed as early as 6 months after surgery, and lasted an average of 3.8 years. All wire fractures occurred between C1 and T1. Two types of fracture occurred, one consisting of a clean break and the other consisting of a scenario of bending and kinking, then thinning and fraying, and finally progressive multiple fragmentation. With a few exceptions the clean breaks occurred between C1 and C3, while the fraying scenario occurred between C6 and T1. Mechanisms for failure are discussed, as are results from material tests of wire samples.